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Brahmic scripts
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<h2 id="history">History</h2> <p>Brahmic scripts descended from the <a href="/facts/Br%25C4%2581hm%25C4%25AB_script/Bflxwzu6">Brahmi script</a>. Brahmi is clearly attested from the 3rd century BCE during the reign of <a href="/facts/Ashoka/YsxDJyF2">Ashoka</a>, who used the script <a href="/facts/Edicts_of_Ashoka/sVdwz3Tm">for imperial edicts</a>. Northern Brahmi gave rise to the <a href="/facts/Gupta_script/9JPzfTgL">Gupta script</a> during the <a href="/facts/Gupta_period/KbMVInGv">Gupta period</a>, which in turn diversified into a number of cursives during the <a href="/facts/Middle_kingdoms_of_India/fEv32C9L">medieval period</a>. Notable examples of such medieval scripts, developed by the 7th or 8th century, include <a href="/facts/N%25C4%2581gar%25C4%25AB_script/ANaDXAnE">Nagari</a>, <a href="/facts/Siddha%25E1%25B9%2583_script/McxAxntx">Siddham</a> and <a href="/facts/Sharada_script/LNUBbo4L">Sharada</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/facts/Siddha%25E1%25B9%2583_script/McxAxntx">Siddhaṃ script</a> was especially important in <a href="/facts/Buddhism/G0wsjrSl">Buddhism</a>, as many <a href="/facts/Sutra/2fuurf3z">sutras</a> were written in it. The art of Siddham <a href="/facts/Calligraphy/lFIUgDeW">calligraphy</a> survives today in <a href="/facts/Japan/U5mz0SRT">Japan</a>. The tabular presentation and <a href="/facts/Collation/cdLx5Cum">dictionary order</a> of the modern <i><a href="/facts/Kana/kQCM4maE">kana</a></i> system of Japanese writing is believed to be descended from the Indic scripts, most likely through the <a href="/facts/Spread_of_Buddhism/KAJfJavz">spread of Buddhism</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:2" href="#fn:2"><sup>2</sup></a> </p><p>Southern Brahmi evolved into the <a href="/facts/Kadamba_script/CVEzSxCY">Kadamba</a>, <a href="/facts/Pallava_script/Lvu7cmIX">Pallava</a> and <a href="/facts/Vatteluttu/wXIUNUXL">Vatteluttu</a> scripts, which in turn diversified into other scripts of South India and Southeast Asia. Brahmic scripts spread in a peaceful manner, <a href="/facts/Indianization_of_Southeast_Asia/nAt4pHLN">Indianization</a>, or the spread of Indian learning. The scripts spread naturally to Southeast Asia, at ports on trading routes.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a> At these trading posts, ancient inscriptions have been found in Sanskrit, using scripts that originated in India. At first, inscriptions were made in Indian languages, but later the scripts were used to write the local Southeast Asian languages. Hereafter, local varieties of the scripts were developed. By the 8th century, the scripts had diverged and separated into regional scripts.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="characteristics">Characteristics</h2> <p>Some characteristics, which are present in most but not all the scripts, are: </p> <ul><li>Each <a href="/facts/Consonant/81X2SGS6">consonant</a> has an <a href="/facts/Inherent_vowel/B4W5nSzA">inherent vowel</a> which is usually a short ‘<a href="/facts/Schwa/5TvL9LSb">ə</a>’ (in <a href="/facts/Bengali_language/twpKobqA">Bengali</a>, <a href="/facts/Assamese_language/rS7BqK0P">Assamese</a> and <a href="/facts/Odia_language/RCSkWVSf">Odia</a>, the phoneme is /<a href="/facts/Open-mid_back_rounded_vowel/yMNUClGt">ɔ</a>/ due to sound shifts). Other vowels are written by adding to the character. A <a href="/facts/Diacritic/Rw6lMzQW">mark</a>, known in <a href="/facts/Sanskrit/ychfjhlx">Sanskrit</a> as a <a href="/facts/Virama/bRRVW2yT">virama</a>/<a href="/facts/Halanta/bRRVW2yT">halanta</a>/<a href="/facts/Hasanta/bRRVW2yT">hasanta</a>, can be used to indicate the absence of an inherent vowel, although it is rarely used.</li> <li>Each vowel has two forms, an independent form when not attached to a consonant, and a dependent form, when attached to a consonant. Depending on the script, the dependent forms can be either placed to the left of, to the right of, above, below, or on both the left and the right sides of the base consonant.</li> <li>Consonants (up to 4 in Devanagari) can be combined in <a href="/facts/Ligature_(typography)/urMIGfmN">ligatures</a>. Special marks are added to denote the combination of 'r' with another consonant.</li> <li><a href="/facts/Nasalization/XpzfohCT">Nasalization</a> and <a href="/facts/Aspiration_(phonetics)/Kat42tA6">aspiration</a> of a consonant's dependent vowel is also noted by separate signs.</li> <li>The <a href="/facts/Alphabetical_order/oKu6Ke37">alphabetical order</a> is: <a href="/facts/Vowels/BNhCeFtH">vowels</a>, <a href="/facts/Velar_consonant/blWClp79">velar consonants</a>, <a href="/facts/Palatal_consonants/KLcKyXE8">palatal consonants</a>, <a href="/facts/Retroflex_consonant/lsBdJD4V">retroflex consonants</a>, <a href="/facts/Dental_consonant/Yraaz9Nm">dental consonants</a>, <a href="/facts/Bilabial_consonant/q2H5MUAe">bilabial consonants</a>, <a href="/facts/Approximants/SXrlw7zY">approximants</a>, <a href="/facts/Sibilants/5ejwC21e">sibilants</a>, and other consonants. Each consonant grouping had four <a href="/facts/Stop_consonant/okC9pztc">stops</a> (with all four possible values of voicing and aspiration), and a <a href="/facts/Nasal_consonant/m6D3cVhe">nasal consonant</a>.</li></ul> <h2 id="comparison">Comparison</h2> <p>Below are comparison charts of several of the major Indic scripts, organised on the principle that glyphs in the same column all derive from the same Brahmi glyph. Accordingly: </p> <ul><li>The charts are not comprehensive. Glyphs may be unrepresented if they are later inventions not derived from any Brahmi character.</li> <li>The pronunciations of glyphs in the same column may not be identical. The pronunciation row is only representative; the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) pronunciation is given for <a href="/facts/Sanskrit/ychfjhlx">Sanskrit</a> where possible, or another language if necessary.</li></ul> <p>The transliteration is indicated in <a href="/facts/ISO_15919/LPc6zDEA">ISO 15919</a>. </p> <h3>Consonants</h3> <table><tbody><tr><th><a href="/facts/ISO_15919/LPc6zDEA">ISO</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a></th><th><a href="/facts/Ka_(Indic)/KSaGk4QL">ka</a></th><th><a href="/facts/Kha_(Indic)/yXI97emC">kha</a></th><th><a href="/facts/Ga_(Indic)/Im02k29o">ga</a></th><th><a href="/facts/Gha_(Indic)/vyCClLd0">gha</a></th><th><a href="/facts/%25E1%25B9%2584a_(Indic)/Ast3oLac">ṅa</a></th><th><a href="/facts/Ca_(Indic)/Kn9F6qFk">ca</a></th><th><a href="/facts/Cha_(Indic)/Mb8EIXAn">cha</a></th><th><a href="/facts/Ja_(Indic)/oh2cd5tl">ja</a></th><th><a href="/facts/Jha_(Indic)/Aa6nkCsG">jha</a></th><th><a href="/facts/%25C3%2591a_(Indic)/Ast3oLac">ña</a></th><th><a href="/facts/%25E1%25B9%25ACa_(Indic)/o9QPaUIm">ṭa</a></th><th><a href="/facts/%25E1%25B9%25ACha_(Indic)/5jTGbavn">ṭha</a></th><th><a href="/facts/%25E1%25B8%258Ca_(Indic)/ckvLu7eo">ḍa</a></th><th><a href="/facts/%25E1%25B8%258Cha_(Indic)/xCtcR2sF">ḍha</a></th><th><a href="/facts/%25E1%25B9%2586a_(Indic)/Ast3oLac">ṇa</a></th><th><a href="/facts/Ta_(Indic)/o9QPaUIm">ta</a></th><th><a href="/facts/Tha_(Indic)/5jTGbavn">tha</a></th><th><a href="/facts/Da_(Indic)/ckvLu7eo">da</a></th><th><a href="/facts/Dha_(Indic)/xCtcR2sF">dha</a></th><th><a href="/facts/Na_(Indic)/Ast3oLac">na</a></th><th>ṉa</th><th><a href="/facts/Pa_(Indic)/1KvyYVaw">pa</a></th><th><a href="/facts/Pha_(Indic)/MTqCAtcf">pha/fa</a></th><th><a href="/facts/Ba_(Indic)/6tnhyTMx">ba</a></th><th><a href="/facts/Bha_(Indic)/BlGwhLws">bha</a></th><th><a href="/facts/Ma_(Indic)/NmeH8vG4">ma</a></th><th><a href="/facts/Ya_(Indic)/S0TNQxe6">ya</a></th><th>ẏa</th><th><a href="/facts/Ra_(Indic)/DbxczU51">ra</a></th><th><a href="/facts/%25E1%25B9%259Ea_(Indic)/DbxczU51">ṟa</a></th><th><a href="/facts/La_(Indic)/SKcJMXPE">la</a></th><th><a href="/facts/%25E1%25B8%25B6a_(Indic)/SKcJMXPE">ḷa</a></th><th><a href="/facts/%25E1%25B8%25BAa_(Indic)/SKcJMXPE">ḻa</a></th><th><a href="/facts/Va_(Indic)/jPbrDI9k">va</a></th><th><a href="/facts/%25C5%259Aa_(Indic)/5DhGDmoI">śa</a></th><th><a href="/facts/%25E1%25B9%25A2a_(Indic)/5DhGDmoI">ṣa</a></th><th><a href="/facts/Sa_(Indic)/5DhGDmoI">sa</a></th><th><a href="/facts/Ha_(Indic)/1I78Fc2h">ha</a></th><th>kṣa</th><th>ṯa</th></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Brahmi_script/Bflxwzu6">Ashoka Brahmi</a></th><td>𑀓</td><td>𑀔</td><td>𑀕</td><td>𑀖</td><td>𑀗</td><td>𑀘</td><td>𑀙</td><td>𑀚</td><td>𑀛</td><td>𑀜</td><td>𑀝</td><td>𑀞</td><td>𑀟</td><td>𑀠</td><td>𑀡</td><td>𑀢</td><td>𑀣</td><td>𑀤</td><td>𑀥</td><td>𑀦</td><td></td><td>𑀧</td><td>𑀨</td><td>𑀩</td><td>𑀪</td><td>𑀫</td><td>𑀬</td><td></td><td>𑀭</td><td></td><td>𑀮</td><td>𑀴</td><td></td><td>𑀯</td><td>𑀰</td><td>𑀱</td><td>𑀲</td><td>𑀳</td><td></td><td> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Devanagari/dQvQ3Ufs">Devanagari</a></th><td>क</td><td>ख</td><td>ग</td><td>घ</td><td>ङ</td><td>च</td><td>छ</td><td>ज</td><td>झ</td><td>ञ</td><td>ट</td><td>ठ</td><td>ड</td><td>ढ</td><td>ण</td><td>त</td><td>थ</td><td>द</td><td>ध</td><td>न</td><td>ऩ</td><td>प</td><td>फ</td><td>ब</td><td>भ</td><td>म</td><td>य</td><td>य़</td><td>र</td><td>ऱ</td><td>ल</td><td>ळ</td><td>ऴ</td><td>व</td><td>श</td><td>ष</td><td>स</td><td>ह</td><td>क्ष</td><td> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Bengali-Assamese_script/YV3phTFD">Bengali- Assamese</a></th><td>ক</td><td>খ</td><td>গ</td><td>ঘ</td><td>ঙ</td><td>চ</td><td>ছ</td><td>জ</td><td>ঝ</td><td>ঞ</td><td>ট</td><td>ঠ</td><td>ড</td><td>ঢ</td><td>ণ</td><td>ত</td><td>থ</td><td>দ</td><td>ধ</td><td>ন</td><td></td><td>প</td><td>ফ</td><td>ব</td><td>ভ</td><td>ম</td><td>য</td><td>য়</td><td>র,ৰ</td><td></td><td>ল</td><td></td><td></td><td>ৱ</td><td>শ</td><td>ষ</td><td>স</td><td>হ</td><td>ক্ষ</td><td> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Sharada_script/LNUBbo4L">Sharada</a></th><td>𑆑</td><td>𑆒</td><td>𑆓</td><td>𑆔</td><td>𑆕</td><td>𑆖</td><td>𑆗</td><td>𑆘</td><td>𑆙</td><td>𑆚</td><td>𑆛</td><td>𑆜</td><td>𑆝</td><td>𑆞</td><td>𑆟</td><td>𑆠</td><td>𑆡</td><td>𑆢</td><td>𑆣</td><td>𑆤</td><td>𑆤𑇊</td><td>𑆥</td><td>𑆦</td><td>𑆧</td><td>𑆨</td><td>𑆩</td><td>𑆪</td><td>𑆪𑇊</td><td>𑆫</td><td>𑆫𑇊</td><td>𑆬</td><td>𑆭</td><td>𑆭𑇊</td><td>𑆮</td><td>𑆯</td><td>𑆰</td><td>𑆱</td><td>𑆲</td><td>𑆑𑇀𑆰</td><td> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Gurmukhi/u6Nt0z14">Gurmukhi</a></th><td>ਕ</td><td>ਖ</td><td>ਗ</td><td>ਘ</td><td>ਙ</td><td>ਚ</td><td>ਛ</td><td>ਜ</td><td>ਝ</td><td>ਞ</td><td>ਟ</td><td>ਠ</td><td>ਡ</td><td>ਢ</td><td>ਣ</td><td>ਤ</td><td>ਥ</td><td>ਦ</td><td>ਧ</td><td>ਨ</td><td></td><td>ਪ</td><td>ਫ</td><td>ਬ</td><td>ਭ</td><td>ਮ</td><td>ਯ</td><td></td><td>ਰ</td><td></td><td>ਲ</td><td>ਲ਼</td><td></td><td>ਵ</td><td>ਸ਼</td><td></td><td>ਸ</td><td>ਹ</td><td></td><td> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Gujarati_script/zbJCS2Rm">Gujarati</a></th><td>ક</td><td>ખ</td><td>ગ</td><td>ઘ</td><td>ઙ</td><td>ચ</td><td>છ</td><td>જ</td><td>ઝ</td><td>ઞ</td><td>ટ</td><td>ઠ</td><td>ડ</td><td>ઢ</td><td>ણ</td><td>ત</td><td>થ</td><td>દ</td><td>ધ</td><td>ન</td><td></td><td>પ</td><td>ફ</td><td>બ</td><td>ભ</td><td>મ</td><td>ય</td><td></td><td>ર</td><td></td><td>લ</td><td>ળ</td><td></td><td>વ</td><td>શ</td><td>ષ</td><td>સ</td><td>હ</td><td>ક્ષ</td><td> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Odia_script/05jEzRTV">Odia</a></th><td>କ</td><td>ଖ</td><td>ଗ</td><td>ଘ</td><td>ଙ</td><td>ଚ</td><td>ଛ</td><td>ଜ</td><td>ଝ</td><td>ଞ</td><td>ଟ</td><td>ଠ</td><td>ଡ</td><td>ଢ</td><td>ଣ</td><td>ତ</td><td>ଥ</td><td>ଦ</td><td>ଧ</td><td>ନ</td><td></td><td>ପ</td><td>ଫ</td><td>ବ</td><td>ଭ</td><td>ମ</td><td>ଯ</td><td>ୟ</td><td>ର</td><td></td><td>ଲ</td><td>ଳ</td><td></td><td>ୱ</td><td>ଶ</td><td>ଷ</td><td>ସ</td><td>ହ</td><td>କ୍ଷ</td><td> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Grantha_script/V329dYoU">Grantha</a></th><td>𑌕</td><td>𑌖</td><td>𑌗</td><td>𑌘</td><td>𑌙</td><td>𑌚</td><td>𑌛</td><td>𑌜</td><td>𑌝</td><td>𑌞</td><td>𑌟</td><td>𑌠</td><td>𑌡</td><td>𑌢</td><td>𑌣</td><td>𑌤</td><td>𑌥</td><td>𑌦</td><td>𑌧</td><td>𑌨</td><td></td><td>𑌪</td><td>𑌫</td><td>𑌬</td><td>𑌭</td><td>𑌮</td><td>𑌯</td><td></td><td>𑌰</td><td></td><td>𑌲</td><td>𑌳</td><td></td><td>𑌵</td><td>𑌶</td><td>𑌷</td><td>𑌸</td><td>𑌹</td><td>𑌕𑍍𑌷</td><td> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Tamil_script/QAEV8dJ5">Tamil</a></th><td>க</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>ங</td><td>ச</td><td></td><td>ஜ</td><td></td><td>ஞ</td><td>ட</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>ண</td><td>த</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>ந</td><td>ன</td><td>ப</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>ம</td><td>ய</td><td></td><td>ர</td><td>ற</td><td>ல</td><td>ள</td><td>ழ</td><td>வ</td><td>ஶ</td><td>ஷ</td><td>ஸ</td><td>ஹ</td><td>க்ஷ</td><td> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Telugu_script/GzUHyXLb">Telugu</a></th><td>క</td><td>ఖ</td><td>గ</td><td>ఘ</td><td>ఙ</td><td>చ</td><td>ఛ</td><td>జ</td><td>ఝ</td><td>ఞ</td><td>ట</td><td>ఠ</td><td>డ</td><td>ఢ</td><td>ణ</td><td>త</td><td>థ</td><td>ద</td><td>ధ</td><td>న</td><td>న఼</td><td>ప</td><td>ఫ</td><td>బ</td><td>భ</td><td>మ</td><td>య</td><td>య఼</td><td>ర</td><td>ఱ</td><td>ల</td><td>ళ</td><td>ఴ</td><td>వ</td><td>శ</td><td>ష</td><td>స</td><td>హ</td><td>క్ష</td><td> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Kannada_script/LUbwH0pS">Kannada</a></th><td>ಕ</td><td>ಖ</td><td>ಗ</td><td>ಘ</td><td>ಙ</td><td>ಚ</td><td>ಛ</td><td>ಜ</td><td>ಝ</td><td>ಞ</td><td>ಟ</td><td>ಠ</td><td>ಡ</td><td>ಢ</td><td>ಣ</td><td>ತ</td><td>ಥ</td><td>ದ</td><td>ಧ</td><td>ನ</td><td>ನ಼</td><td>ಪ</td><td>ಫ</td><td>ಬ</td><td>ಭ</td><td>ಮ</td><td>ಯ</td><td>ಯ಼</td><td>ರ</td><td>ಱ</td><td>ಲ</td><td>ಳ</td><td>ೞ</td><td>ವ</td><td>ಶ</td><td>ಷ</td><td>ಸ</td><td>ಹ</td><td>ಕ್ಷ</td><td> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Malayalam_script/HDsBdkqw">Malayalam</a></th><td>ക</td><td>ഖ</td><td>ഗ</td><td>ഘ</td><td>ങ</td><td>ച</td><td>ഛ</td><td>ജ</td><td>ഝ</td><td>ഞ</td><td>ട</td><td>ഠ</td><td>ഡ</td><td>ഢ</td><td>ണ</td><td>ത</td><td>ഥ</td><td>ദ</td><td>ധ</td><td>ന</td><td>ഩ</td><td>പ</td><td>ഫ</td><td>ബ</td><td>ഭ</td><td>മ</td><td>യ</td><td></td><td>ര</td><td>റ</td><td>ല</td><td>ള</td><td>ഴ</td><td>വ</td><td>ശ</td><td>ഷ</td><td>സ</td><td>ഹ</td><td>ക്ഷ</td><td>ഺ</td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Sinhala_script/2ynWA0GY">Sinhala</a></th><td>ක</td><td>ඛ</td><td>ග</td><td>ඝ</td><td>ඞ</td><td>ච</td><td>ඡ</td><td>ජ</td><td>ඣ</td><td>ඤ</td><td>ට</td><td>ඨ</td><td>ඩ</td><td>ඪ</td><td>ණ</td><td>ත</td><td>ථ</td><td>ද</td><td>ධ</td><td>න</td><td></td><td>ප</td><td>ඵ</td><td>බ</td><td>භ</td><td>ම</td><td>ය</td><td></td><td>ර</td><td></td><td>ල</td><td>ළ</td><td></td><td>ව</td><td>ශ</td><td>ෂ</td><td>ස</td><td>හ</td><td>ක්ෂ</td><td> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Tibetan_script/d6SoCnze">Tibetan</a></th><td>ཀ</td><td>ཁ</td><td>ག</td><td>གྷ</td><td>ང</td><td>ཅ</td><td>ཆ</td><td>ཇ</td><td>ཛྷ</td><td>ཉ</td><td>ཊ</td><td>ཋ</td><td>ཌ</td><td>ཌྷ</td><td>ཎ</td><td>ཏ</td><td>ཐ</td><td>ད</td><td>དྷ</td><td>ན</td><td></td><td>པ</td><td>ཕ</td><td>བ</td><td>བྷ</td><td>མ</td><td>ཡ</td><td></td><td>ར</td><td>ཬ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a></td><td>ལ</td><td></td><td></td><td>ཝ</td><td>ཤ</td><td>ཥ</td><td>ས</td><td>ཧ</td><td></td><td> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/%25CA%25BCPhags-pa_script/YUtC0W72">ʼPhags-pa</a></th><td>ꡀ</td><td>ꡁ</td><td>ꡂ</td><td>ꡂꡜ</td><td>ꡃ</td><td>ꡄ</td><td>ꡅ</td><td>ꡆ</td><td>ꡆꡜ</td><td>ꡇ</td><td>ꡩ</td><td>ꡪ</td><td>ꡫ</td><td>ꡫꡜ</td><td>ꡬ</td><td>ꡈ</td><td>ꡉ</td><td>ꡊ</td><td>ꡊꡜ</td><td>ꡋ</td><td></td><td>ꡌ</td><td>ꡍ</td><td>ꡎ</td><td>ꡎꡜ</td><td>ꡏ</td><td>ꡗ</td><td></td><td>ꡘ</td><td></td><td>ꡙ</td><td></td><td></td><td>ꡓ</td><td>ꡚ</td><td></td><td>ꡛ</td><td>ꡜ</td><td></td><td> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Meitei_script/TNYLknDw">Meitei Mayek</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a></th><td>ꯀ</td><td>ꯈ</td><td>ꯒ</td><td>ꯘ</td><td>ꯉ</td><td>ꯆ</td><td>ꫢ</td><td>ꯖ</td><td>ꯓ</td><td>ꫣ</td><td>ꫤ</td><td>ꫥ</td><td>ꫦ</td><td>ꫧ</td><td>ꫨ</td><td>ꯇ</td><td>ꯊ</td><td>ꯗ</td><td>ꯙ</td><td>ꯅ</td><td></td><td>ꯄ</td><td>ꯐ</td><td>ꯕ</td><td>ꯚ</td><td>ꯃ</td><td>ꯌ</td><td></td><td>ꯔ</td><td></td><td>ꯂ</td><td></td><td></td><td>ꯋ</td><td>ꫩ</td><td>ꫪ</td><td>ꯁ</td><td>ꯍ</td><td></td><td> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Lepcha_script/uL2DMzX7">Lepcha</a></th><td>ᰀ</td><td>ᰂ</td><td>ᰃ</td><td></td><td>ᰅ</td><td>ᰆ</td><td>ᰇ</td><td>ᰈ</td><td></td><td>ᰉ</td><td>ᱍ</td><td>ᱎ</td><td>ᱏ</td><td></td><td></td><td>ᰊ</td><td>ᰋ</td><td>ᰌ</td><td></td><td>ᰍ</td><td></td><td>ᰎ</td><td>ᰐ</td><td>ᰓ</td><td></td><td>ᰕ</td><td>ᰚ</td><td></td><td>ᰛ</td><td></td><td>ᰜ</td><td></td><td></td><td>ᰟ</td><td>ᰡ</td><td>ᰡ᰷</td><td>ᰠ</td><td>ᰝ</td><td></td><td> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Limbu_script/JwKrYcrW">Limbu</a></th><td>ᤁ</td><td>ᤂ</td><td>ᤃ</td><td>ᤄ</td><td>ᤅ</td><td>ᤆ</td><td>ᤇ</td><td>ᤈ</td><td>ᤉ</td><td>ᤊ</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>ᤋ</td><td>ᤌ</td><td>ᤍ</td><td>ᤎ</td><td>ᤏ</td><td></td><td>ᤐ</td><td>ᤑ</td><td>ᤒ</td><td>ᤓ</td><td>ᤔ</td><td>ᤕ</td><td></td><td>ᤖ</td><td></td><td>ᤗ</td><td></td><td></td><td>ᤘ</td><td>ᤙ</td><td>ᤚ</td><td>ᤛ</td><td>ᤜ</td><td></td><td> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Tirhuta/eALHAv9f">Tirhuta</a></th><td>𑒏</td><td>𑒐</td><td>𑒑</td><td>𑒒</td><td>𑒓</td><td>𑒔</td><td>𑒕</td><td>𑒖</td><td>𑒗</td><td>𑒘</td><td>𑒙</td><td>𑒚</td><td>𑒛</td><td>𑒜</td><td>𑒝</td><td>𑒞</td><td>𑒟</td><td>𑒠</td><td>𑒡</td><td>𑒢</td><td></td><td>𑒣</td><td>𑒤</td><td>𑒥</td><td>𑒦</td><td>𑒧</td><td>𑒨</td><td></td><td>𑒩</td><td></td><td>𑒪</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>𑒬</td><td>𑒭</td><td>𑒮</td><td>𑒯</td><td></td><td> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Kaithi/F5ohrMDs">Kaithi</a></th><td>𑂍</td><td>𑂎</td><td>𑂏</td><td>𑂐</td><td>𑂑</td><td>𑂒</td><td>𑂓</td><td>𑂔</td><td>𑂕</td><td>𑂖</td><td>𑂗</td><td>𑂘</td><td>𑂙</td><td>𑂛</td><td>𑂝</td><td>𑂞</td><td>𑂟</td><td>𑂠</td><td>𑂡</td><td>𑂢</td><td></td><td>𑂣</td><td>𑂤</td><td>𑂥</td><td>𑂦</td><td>𑂧</td><td>𑂨</td><td></td><td>𑂩</td><td></td><td>𑂪</td><td></td><td></td><td>𑂫</td><td>𑂬</td><td>𑂭</td><td>𑂮</td><td>𑂯</td><td></td><td> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Prachalit_script/sxYvLyG2">Newa Prachalit</a></th><td>𑐎</td><td>𑐏</td><td>𑐐</td><td>𑐑</td><td>𑐒</td><td>𑐔</td><td>𑐕</td><td>𑐖</td><td>𑐗</td><td>𑐘</td><td>𑐚</td><td>𑐛</td><td>𑐜</td><td>𑐝</td><td>𑐞</td><td>𑐟</td><td>𑐠</td><td>𑐡</td><td>𑐢</td><td>𑐣</td><td>𑐣𑑆</td><td>𑐥</td><td>𑐦</td><td>𑐧</td><td>𑐨</td><td>𑐩</td><td>𑐫</td><td>𑐫𑑆</td><td>𑐬</td><td>𑐬𑑆</td><td>𑐮</td><td>𑐮𑑆</td><td>𑐲𑑆</td><td>𑐰</td><td>𑐱</td><td>𑐲</td><td>𑐳</td><td>𑐴</td><td>𑐎𑑂𑐲</td><td></td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Sylheti_Nagari/gTKqzhD1">Sylheti Nagari</a></th><td>ꠇ</td><td>ꠈ</td><td>ꠉ</td><td>ꠊ</td><td></td><td>ꠌ</td><td>ꠍ</td><td>ꠎ</td><td>ꠏ</td><td></td><td>ꠐ</td><td>ꠑ</td><td>ꠒ</td><td>ꠓ</td><td></td><td>ꠔ</td><td>ꠕ</td><td>ꠖ</td><td>ꠗ</td><td>ꠘ</td><td></td><td>ꠙ</td><td>ꠚ</td><td>ꠛ</td><td>ꠜ</td><td>ꠝ</td><td></td><td></td><td>ꠞ</td><td></td><td>ꠟ</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>ꠡ</td><td>ꠢ</td><td></td><td> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Chakma_script/BoRN4IQv">Chakma</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a></th><td>𑄇</td><td>𑄈</td><td>𑄉</td><td>𑄊</td><td>𑄋</td><td>𑄌</td><td>𑄍</td><td>𑄎</td><td>𑄏</td><td>𑄐</td><td>𑄑</td><td>𑄒</td><td>𑄓</td><td>𑄔</td><td>𑄕</td><td>𑄖</td><td>𑄗</td><td>𑄘</td><td>𑄙</td><td>𑄚</td><td></td><td>𑄛</td><td>𑄜</td><td>𑄝</td><td>𑄞</td><td>𑄟</td><td>𑄠</td><td>𑄡</td><td>𑄢</td><td></td><td>𑄣</td><td>𑅄</td><td></td><td>𑄤</td><td></td><td></td><td>𑄥</td><td>𑄦</td><td></td><td> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Burmese_alphabet/LY1bLCCP">Burmese</a></th><td>က</td><td>ခ</td><td>ဂ</td><td>ဃ</td><td>င</td><td>စ</td><td>ဆ</td><td>ဇ</td><td>ဈ</td><td>ဉ / ည</td><td>ဋ</td><td>ဌ</td><td>ဍ</td><td>ဎ</td><td>ဏ</td><td>တ</td><td>ထ</td><td>ဒ</td><td>ဓ</td><td>န</td><td></td><td>ပ</td><td>ဖ</td><td>ဗ</td><td>ဘ</td><td>မ</td><td>ယ</td><td></td><td>ရ</td><td></td><td>လ</td><td>ဠ</td><td></td><td>ဝ</td><td>ၐ</td><td>ၑ</td><td>သ</td><td>ဟ</td><td></td><td> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Tai_Tham_script/LU4CcUf9">Tai Tham</a></th><td>ᨠ</td><td>ᨡ,ᨢ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a></td><td>ᨣ,ᨤ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a></td><td>ᨥ</td><td>ᨦ</td><td>ᨧ</td><td>ᨨ</td><td>ᨩ,ᨪ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a></td><td>ᨫ</td><td>ᨬ</td><td>ᨭ</td><td>ᨮ</td><td>ᨯ</td><td>ᨰ</td><td>ᨱ</td><td>ᨲ</td><td>ᨳ</td><td>ᨴ</td><td>ᨵ</td><td>ᨶ</td><td></td><td>ᨷ,ᨸ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a></td><td>ᨹ,ᨺ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13"><sup>13</sup></a></td><td>ᨻ,ᨼ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14"><sup>14</sup></a></td><td>ᨽ</td><td>ᨾ</td><td>ᨿ,ᩀ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:15" href="#fn:15"><sup>15</sup></a></td><td></td><td>ᩁ</td><td></td><td>ᩃ</td><td>ᩊ</td><td></td><td>ᩅ</td><td>ᩆ</td><td>ᩇ</td><td>ᩈ</td><td>ᩉ,ᩌ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:16" href="#fn:16"><sup>16</sup></a></td><td></td><td> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/New_Tai_Lue_script/Ajs1xVJl">New Tai Lue</a></th><td>ᦂ</td><td>ᦃ</td><td>ᦅ,ᦆ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:17" href="#fn:17"><sup>17</sup></a></td><td></td><td>ᦇ</td><td>ᦈ</td><td></td><td>ᦋ,ᦌ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:18" href="#fn:18"><sup>18</sup></a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>ᦡ,ᦤ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:19" href="#fn:19"><sup>19</sup></a></td><td></td><td></td><td>ᦎ</td><td>ᦏ</td><td>ᦑ</td><td>ᦒ</td><td>ᦓ</td><td></td><td>ᦢ,ᦥ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:20" href="#fn:20"><sup>20</sup></a>,ᦔ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:21" href="#fn:21"><sup>21</sup></a></td><td>ᦕ,ᦚ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:22" href="#fn:22"><sup>22</sup></a></td><td>ᦗ,ᦝ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:23" href="#fn:23"><sup>23</sup></a></td><td>ᦘ</td><td>ᦙ</td><td>ᦍ,ᦊ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:24" href="#fn:24"><sup>24</sup></a></td><td></td><td>ᦣ</td><td></td><td>ᦟ</td><td></td><td></td><td>ᦞ</td><td></td><td></td><td>ᦉ</td><td>ᦠ</td><td></td><td> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Khmer_alphabet/al76EeT6">Khmer</a></th><td>ក</td><td>ខ</td><td>គ</td><td>ឃ</td><td>ង</td><td>ច</td><td>ឆ</td><td>ជ</td><td>ឈ</td><td>ញ</td><td>ដ</td><td>ឋ</td><td>ឌ</td><td>ឍ</td><td>ណ</td><td>ត</td><td>ថ</td><td>ទ</td><td>ធ</td><td>ន</td><td></td><td>ប</td><td>ផ</td><td>ព</td><td>ភ</td><td>ម</td><td>យ</td><td></td><td>រ</td><td></td><td>ល</td><td>ឡ</td><td></td><td>វ</td><td>ឝ</td><td>ឞ</td><td>ស</td><td>ហ</td><td></td><td> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Thai_script/uxnpJWg9">Thai</a></th><td>ก</td><td>ข,ฃ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:25" href="#fn:25"><sup>25</sup></a></td><td>ค,ฅ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:26" href="#fn:26"><sup>26</sup></a></td><td>ฆ</td><td>ง</td><td>จ</td><td>ฉ</td><td>ช,ซ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:27" href="#fn:27"><sup>27</sup></a></td><td>ฌ</td><td>ญ</td><td>ฎ,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:28" href="#fn:28"><sup>28</sup></a>ฏ</td><td>ฐ</td><td>ฑ</td><td>ฒ</td><td>ณ</td><td>ด,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:29" href="#fn:29"><sup>29</sup></a>ต</td><td>ถ</td><td>ท</td><td>ธ</td><td>น</td><td></td><td>บ,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:30" href="#fn:30"><sup>30</sup></a>ป</td><td>ผ,ฝ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:31" href="#fn:31"><sup>31</sup></a></td><td>พ,ฟ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:32" href="#fn:32"><sup>32</sup></a></td><td>ภ</td><td>ม</td><td>ย</td><td></td><td>ร</td><td></td><td>ล</td><td>ฬ</td><td></td><td>ว</td><td>ศ</td><td>ษ</td><td>ส</td><td>ห,ฮ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:33" href="#fn:33"><sup>33</sup></a></td><td></td><td> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Lao_alphabet/yJC2rshj">Lao</a></th><td>ກ</td><td>ຂ</td><td>ຄ</td><td>ຆ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:34" href="#fn:34"><sup>34</sup></a></td><td>ງ</td><td>ຈ</td><td>ຉ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:35" href="#fn:35"><sup>35</sup></a></td><td>ຊ</td><td>ຌ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:36" href="#fn:36"><sup>36</sup></a></td><td>ຎ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:37" href="#fn:37"><sup>37</sup></a></td><td>ຏ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:38" href="#fn:38"><sup>38</sup></a></td><td>ຐ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:39" href="#fn:39"><sup>39</sup></a></td><td>ຑ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:40" href="#fn:40"><sup>40</sup></a></td><td>ຒ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:41" href="#fn:41"><sup>41</sup></a></td><td>ຓ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:42" href="#fn:42"><sup>42</sup></a></td><td>ດ,ຕ</td><td>ຖ</td><td>ທ</td><td>ຘ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:43" href="#fn:43"><sup>43</sup></a></td><td>ນ</td><td></td><td>ບ,ປ</td><td>ຜ,ຝ</td><td>ພ,ຟ</td><td>ຠ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:44" href="#fn:44"><sup>44</sup></a></td><td>ມ</td><td>ຍ</td><td></td><td>ຣ</td><td></td><td>ລ</td><td>ຬ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:45" href="#fn:45"><sup>45</sup></a></td><td></td><td>ວ</td><td>ຨ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:46" href="#fn:46"><sup>46</sup></a></td><td>ຩ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:47" href="#fn:47"><sup>47</sup></a></td><td>ສ</td><td>ຫ</td><td></td><td> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Cham_script/v5p0gyxJ">Cham</a></th><td>ꨆ</td><td>ꨇ</td><td>ꨈ</td><td>ꨉ</td><td>ꨋ</td><td>ꨌ</td><td>ꨍ</td><td>ꨎ</td><td>ꨏ</td><td>ꨑ</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>ꨓ</td><td>ꨔ</td><td>ꨕ</td><td>ꨖ</td><td>ꨘ</td><td></td><td>ꨚ</td><td>ꨜ</td><td>ꨝ</td><td>ꨞ</td><td>ꨠ</td><td>ꨢ</td><td></td><td>ꨣ</td><td></td><td>ꨤ</td><td></td><td></td><td>ꨥ</td><td></td><td>ꨦ</td><td>ꨧ</td><td>ꨨ</td><td></td><td> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Kawi_script/NXdMWyYz">Kawi</a></th><td>𑼒</td><td>𑼓</td><td>𑼔</td><td>𑼕</td><td>𑼖</td><td>𑼗</td><td>𑼘</td><td>𑼙</td><td>𑼚</td><td>𑼛</td><td>𑼜</td><td>𑼝</td><td>𑼞</td><td>𑼟</td><td>𑼠</td><td>𑼡</td><td>𑼢</td><td>𑼣</td><td>𑼤</td><td>𑼥</td><td>𑼳</td><td>𑼦</td><td>𑼧</td><td>𑼨</td><td>𑼩</td><td>𑼪</td><td>𑼫</td><td></td><td>𑼬</td><td></td><td>𑼭</td><td></td><td></td><td>𑼮</td><td>𑼯</td><td>𑼰</td><td>𑼱</td><td>𑼲</td><td></td><td> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Balinese_alphabet/GFaM7dph">Balinese</a></th><td>ᬓ</td><td>ᬔ</td><td>ᬕ</td><td>ᬖ</td><td>ᬗ</td><td>ᬘ</td><td>ᬙ</td><td>ᬚ</td><td>ᬛ</td><td>ᬜ</td><td>ᬝ</td><td>ᬞ</td><td>ᬟ</td><td>ᬠ</td><td>ᬡ</td><td>ᬢ</td><td>ᬣ</td><td>ᬤ</td><td>ᬥ</td><td>ᬦ</td><td>ᭌ</td><td>ᬧ</td><td>ᬨ</td><td>ᬩ</td><td>ᬪ</td><td>ᬫ</td><td>ᬬ</td><td></td><td>ᬭ</td><td></td><td>ᬮ</td><td></td><td></td><td>ᬯ</td><td>ᬰ</td><td>ᬱ</td><td>ᬲ</td><td>ᬳ</td><td></td><td> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Javanese_script/HaMUR9Mw">Javanese</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:48" href="#fn:48"><sup>48</sup></a></th><td>ꦏ</td><td>ꦑ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:49" href="#fn:49"><sup>49</sup></a></td><td>ꦒ</td><td>ꦓ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:50" href="#fn:50"><sup>50</sup></a></td><td>ꦔ</td><td>ꦕ</td><td>ꦖ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:51" href="#fn:51"><sup>51</sup></a></td><td>ꦗ</td><td>ꦙ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:52" href="#fn:52"><sup>52</sup></a></td><td>ꦚ</td><td>ꦛ</td><td>ꦜ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:53" href="#fn:53"><sup>53</sup></a></td><td>ꦝ</td><td>ꦞ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:54" href="#fn:54"><sup>54</sup></a></td><td>ꦟ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:55" href="#fn:55"><sup>55</sup></a></td><td>ꦠ</td><td>ꦡ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:56" href="#fn:56"><sup>56</sup></a></td><td>ꦢ</td><td>ꦣ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:57" href="#fn:57"><sup>57</sup></a></td><td>ꦤ</td><td>ꦘ</td><td>ꦥ</td><td>ꦦ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:58" href="#fn:58"><sup>58</sup></a></td><td>ꦧ</td><td>ꦨ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:59" href="#fn:59"><sup>59</sup></a></td><td>ꦩ</td><td>ꦪ</td><td></td><td>ꦫ</td><td></td><td>ꦭ</td><td></td><td></td><td>ꦮ</td><td>ꦯ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:60" href="#fn:60"><sup>60</sup></a></td><td>ꦰ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:61" href="#fn:61"><sup>61</sup></a></td><td>ꦱ</td><td>ꦲ</td><td></td><td> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Sundanese_alphabet/SdBEctgL">Sundanese</a></th><td>ᮊ</td><td>ᮮ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:62" href="#fn:62"><sup>62</sup></a></td><td>ᮌ</td><td></td><td>ᮍ</td><td>ᮎ</td><td></td><td>ᮏ</td><td></td><td>ᮑ</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>ᮒ</td><td></td><td>ᮓ</td><td></td><td>ᮔ</td><td></td><td>ᮕ</td><td></td><td>ᮘ</td><td>ᮽ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:63" href="#fn:63"><sup>63</sup></a></td><td>ᮙ</td><td>ᮚ</td><td></td><td>ᮛ</td><td></td><td>ᮜ</td><td></td><td></td><td>ᮝ</td><td>ᮯ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:64" href="#fn:64"><sup>64</sup></a></td><td></td><td>ᮞ</td><td>ᮠ</td><td></td><td> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Lontara_alphabet/nM7GFr0F">Lontara</a></th><td>ᨀ</td><td></td><td>ᨁ</td><td></td><td>ᨂ</td><td>ᨌ</td><td></td><td>ᨍ</td><td></td><td>ᨎ</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>ᨈ</td><td></td><td>ᨉ</td><td></td><td>ᨊ</td><td></td><td>ᨄ</td><td></td><td>ᨅ</td><td></td><td>ᨆ</td><td>ᨐ</td><td></td><td>ᨑ</td><td></td><td>ᨒ</td><td></td><td></td><td>ᨓ</td><td></td><td></td><td>ᨔ</td><td>ᨕ</td><td></td><td> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Makasar_script/jJ0vgE37">Makasar</a></th><td>𑻠</td><td></td><td>𑻡</td><td></td><td>𑻢</td><td>𑻩</td><td></td><td>𑻪</td><td></td><td>𑻫</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>𑻦</td><td></td><td>𑻧</td><td></td><td>𑻨</td><td></td><td>𑻣</td><td></td><td>𑻤</td><td></td><td>𑻥</td><td>𑻬</td><td></td><td>𑻭</td><td></td><td>𑻮</td><td></td><td></td><td>𑻯</td><td></td><td></td><td>𑻰</td><td>𑻱</td><td></td><td> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Rejang_alphabet/2KRgbEjy">Rejang</a></th><td>ꤰ</td><td></td><td>ꤱ</td><td></td><td>ꤲ</td><td>ꤹ</td><td></td><td>ꤺ</td><td></td><td>ꤻ</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>ꤳ</td><td></td><td>ꤴ</td><td></td><td>ꤵ</td><td></td><td>ꤶ</td><td></td><td>ꤷ</td><td></td><td>ꤸ</td><td>ꤿ</td><td></td><td>ꤽ</td><td></td><td>ꤾ</td><td></td><td></td><td>ꥀ</td><td></td><td></td><td>ꤼ</td><td>ꥁ</td><td></td><td> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Batak_alphabet/P6bdXee5">Batak</a> (Toba)</th><td>ᯂ</td><td></td><td>ᯎ</td><td></td><td>ᯝ</td><td></td><td></td><td>ᯐ</td><td></td><td>ᯠ/ᯛ</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>ᯖ</td><td></td><td>ᯑ</td><td></td><td>ᯉ</td><td></td><td>ᯇ</td><td></td><td>ᯅ</td><td></td><td>ᯔ</td><td></td><td></td><td>ᯒ</td><td></td><td>ᯞ</td><td></td><td></td><td>ᯞ</td><td></td><td></td><td>ᯘ</td><td>ᯂ</td><td></td><td> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Baybayin/XGuE9d0b">Baybayin</a></th><td>ᜃ</td><td> </td><td>ᜄ</td><td> </td><td>ᜅ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᜆ</td><td> </td><td>ᜇ</td><td> </td><td>ᜈ</td><td> </td><td>ᜉ</td><td> </td><td>ᜊ</td><td> </td><td>ᜋ</td><td>ᜌ</td><td></td><td>ᜇ / ᜍ</td><td> </td><td>ᜎ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᜏ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᜐ</td><td>ᜑ</td><td></td><td> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Buhid_script/Tj8vfrC5">Buhid</a></th><td>ᝃ</td><td> </td><td>ᝄ</td><td> </td><td>ᝅ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᝆ</td><td> </td><td>ᝇ</td><td> </td><td>ᝈ</td><td> </td><td>ᝉ</td><td> </td><td>ᝊ</td><td> </td><td>ᝋ</td><td>ᝌ</td><td></td><td>ᝍ</td><td> </td><td>ᝎ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᝏ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᝐ</td><td>ᝑ</td><td></td><td> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Hanunuo_script/zfUlkY5W">Hanunuo</a></th><td>ᜣ</td><td> </td><td>ᜤ</td><td> </td><td>ᜥ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᜦ</td><td> </td><td>ᜧ</td><td> </td><td>ᜨ</td><td> </td><td>ᜩ</td><td> </td><td>ᜪ</td><td> </td><td>ᜫ</td><td>ᜬ</td><td></td><td>ᜭ</td><td> </td><td>ᜮ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᜯ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᜰ</td><td>ᜱ</td><td></td><td> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Tagbanwa_script/yoGlChxq">Tagbanwa</a></th><td>ᝣ</td><td> </td><td>ᝤ</td><td> </td><td>ᝥ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᝦ</td><td> </td><td>ᝧ</td><td> </td><td>ᝨ</td><td> </td><td>ᝩ</td><td> </td><td>ᝪ</td><td> </td><td>ᝫ</td><td>ᝬ</td><td></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᝮ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᝯ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᝰ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><th>ISO</th><th>ka</th><th>kha</th><th>ga</th><th>gha</th><th>ṅa</th><th>ca</th><th>cha</th><th>ja</th><th>jha</th><th>ña</th><th>ṭa</th><th>ṭha</th><th>ḍa</th><th>ḍha</th><th>ṇa</th><th>ta</th><th>tha</th><th>da</th><th>dha</th><th>na</th><th>ṉa</th><th>pa</th><th>pha</th><th>ba</th><th>bha</th><th>ma</th><th>ya</th><th>ẏa</th><th>ra</th><th>ṟa</th><th>la</th><th>ḷa</th><th>ḻa</th><th>va</th><th>śa</th><th>ṣa</th><th>sa</th><th>ha</th><th>kṣa</th><th>ṯa</th></tr></tbody></table> Notes <h3>Vowels</h3> <p>Vowels are presented in their independent form on the left of each column, and in their corresponding dependent form (vowel sign) combined with the consonant <i>k</i> on the right. A glyph for <i>ka</i> is an independent consonant letter itself without any vowel sign, where the vowel <i>a</i> is <a href="/facts/Inherent_vowel/B4W5nSzA">inherent</a>. </p> <table><tbody><tr><th rowspan="2">ISO</th><th colspan="2"><a href="/facts/A_(Indic)/LQ26Qx38">a</a></th><th colspan="2"><a href="/facts/%25C4%2580_(Indic)/LQ26Qx38">ā</a></th><th colspan="2">ê</th><th colspan="2">ô</th><th colspan="2"><a href="/facts/I_(Indic)/zqzTajcv">i</a></th><th colspan="2"><a href="/facts/%25C4%25AA_(Indic)/zqzTajcv">ī</a></th><th colspan="2"><a href="/facts/U_(Indic)/YBV5asCn">u</a></th><th colspan="2"><a href="/facts/%25C5%25AA_(Indic)/YBV5asCn">ū</a></th><th colspan="2"><a href="/facts/E_(Indic)/FSnWtLI6">e</a></th><th colspan="2"><a href="/facts/E_(Indic)/FSnWtLI6">ē</a></th><th colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Ai_(Indic)/LDRA1INI">ai</a></th><th colspan="2"><a href="/facts/O_(Indic)/WXT9NXVD">o</a></th><th colspan="2"><a href="/facts/O_(Indic)/WXT9NXVD">ō</a></th><th colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Au_(Indic)/LDkVXuku">au</a></th><th colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Schwa/5TvL9LSb">ə</a></th><th colspan="2"><a href="/facts/%25E1%25B9%259A_(Indic)/kqjbse7g">r̥</a></th><th colspan="2"><a href="/facts/%25E1%25B9%259C_(Indic)/kqjbse7g">r̥̄</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:65" href="#fn:65"><sup>65</sup></a></th><th colspan="2"><a href="/facts/%25E1%25B8%25B6_(Indic)/W9ayp54o">l̥</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:66" href="#fn:66"><sup>66</sup></a></th><th colspan="2"><a href="/facts/%25E1%25B8%25B8_(Indic)/W9ayp54o">l̥̄</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:67" href="#fn:67"><sup>67</sup></a></th><th colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Anusvara/emCWkk1I"> ṁ</a></th><th colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Visarga/2xYADj7t"> ḥ</a></th><th> </th></tr><tr><th>a</th><th>ka</th><th>ā</th><th>kā</th><th>ê</th><th>kê</th><th>ô</th><th>kô</th><th>i</th><th>ki</th><th>ī</th><th>kī</th><th>u</th><th>ku</th><th>ū</th><th>kū</th><th>e</th><th>ke</th><th>ē</th><th>kē</th><th>ai</th><th>kai</th><th>o</th><th>ko</th><th>ō</th><th>kō</th><th>au</th><th>kau</th><th>ə</th><th>kə</th><th>r̥</th><th>kr̥</th><th>r̥̄</th><th>kr̥̄</th><th>l̥</th><th>kl̥</th><th>l̥̄</th><th>kl̥̄</th><th>aṁ</th><th>kaṁ</th><th>aḥ</th><th>kaḥ</th><th><a href="/facts/Virama/bRRVW2yT">k</a></th></tr><tr><th>Ashoka Brahmi</th><td>𑀅</td><td>𑀓</td><td>𑀆</td><td>𑀓𑀸</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>𑀇</td><td>𑀓𑀺</td><td>𑀈</td><td>𑀓𑀻</td><td>𑀉</td><td>𑀓𑀼</td><td>𑀊</td><td>𑀓𑀽</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>𑀏</td><td>𑀓𑁂</td><td>𑀐</td><td>𑀓𑁃</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>𑀑</td><td>𑀓𑁄</td><td>𑀒</td><td>𑀓𑁅</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>𑀋</td><td>𑀓𑀾</td><td>𑀌</td><td>𑀓𑀿</td><td>𑀍</td><td>𑀓𑁀</td><td>𑀎</td><td>𑀓𑁁</td><td>𑀅𑀁</td><td>𑀓𑀁</td><td>𑀅𑀂</td><td>𑀓𑀂</td><td>𑀓𑁆</td></tr><tr><th>Devanagari</th><td>अ</td><td>क</td><td>आ</td><td>का</td><td>ॲ</td><td>कॅ</td><td>ऑ</td><td>कॉ</td><td>इ</td><td>कि</td><td>ई</td><td>की</td><td>उ</td><td>कु</td><td>ऊ</td><td>कू</td><td>ऎ</td><td>कॆ</td><td>ए</td><td>के</td><td>ऐ</td><td>कै</td><td>ऒ</td><td>कॊ</td><td>ओ</td><td>को</td><td>औ</td><td>कौ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ऋ</td><td>कृ</td><td>ॠ</td><td>कॄ</td><td>ऌ</td><td>कॢ</td><td>ॡ</td><td>कॣ</td><td>अं</td><td>कं</td><td>अः</td><td>कः</td><td>क्</td></tr><tr><th>Bengali- Assamese</th><td>অ</td><td>ক</td><td>আ</td><td>কা</td><td>অ্যা</td><td>ক্যা</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ই</td><td>কি</td><td>ঈ</td><td>কী</td><td>উ</td><td>কু</td><td>ঊ</td><td>কূ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>এ</td><td>কে</td><td>ঐ</td><td>কৈ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ও</td><td>কো</td><td>ঔ</td><td>কৌ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ঋ</td><td>কৃ</td><td>ৠ</td><td>কৄ</td><td>ঌ</td><td>কৢ</td><td>ৡ</td><td>কৣ</td><td>অং</td><td>কং</td><td>অঃ</td><td>কঃ</td><td>ক্</td></tr><tr><th>Gujarati</th><td>અ</td><td>ક</td><td>આ</td><td>કા</td><td>ઍ</td><td>કૅ</td><td>ઑ</td><td>કૉ</td><td>ઇ</td><td>કિ</td><td>ઈ</td><td>કી</td><td>ઉ</td><td>કુ</td><td>ઊ</td><td>કૂ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>એ</td><td>કે</td><td>ઐ</td><td>કૈ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ઓ</td><td>કો</td><td>ઔ</td><td>કૌ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ઋ</td><td>કૃ</td><td>ૠ</td><td>કૄ</td><td>ઌ</td><td>કૢ</td><td>ૡ</td><td>કૣ</td><td>અં</td><td>કં</td><td>અઃ</td><td>કઃ</td><td>ક્,ક્</td></tr><tr><th>Odia</th><td>ଅ</td><td>କ</td><td>ଆ</td><td>କା</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ଇ</td><td>କି</td><td>ଈ</td><td>କୀ</td><td>ଉ</td><td>କୁ</td><td>ଊ</td><td>କୂ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ଏ</td><td>କେ</td><td>ଐ</td><td>କୈ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ଓ</td><td>କୋ</td><td>ଔ</td><td>କୌ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ଋ</td><td>କୃ</td><td>ୠ</td><td>କୄ</td><td>ଌ</td><td>କୢ</td><td>ୡ</td><td>କୣ</td><td>ଅଂ</td><td>କଂ</td><td>ଅଃ</td><td>କଃ</td><td>କ୍</td></tr><tr><th>Gurmukhi</th><td>ਅ</td><td>ਕ</td><td>ਆ</td><td>ਕਾ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ਇ</td><td>ਕਿ</td><td>ਈ</td><td>ਕੀ</td><td>ਉ</td><td>ਕੁ</td><td>ਊ</td><td>ਕੂ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ਏ</td><td>ਕੇ</td><td>ਐ</td><td>ਕੈ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ਓ</td><td>ਕੋ</td><td>ਔ</td><td>ਕੌ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ਅਂ</td><td>ਕਂ</td><td>ਅਃ</td><td>ਕਃ</td><td>ਕ੍</td></tr><tr><th>Meitei Mayek<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:68" href="#fn:68"><sup>68</sup></a></th><td>ꯑ</td><td>ꯀ</td><td>ꯑꯥ</td><td>ꯀꯥ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ꯏ</td><td>ꯀꯤ</td><td>ꯑꫫ</td><td>ꯀꫫ</td><td>ꯎ</td><td>ꯀꯨ</td><td>ꯑꫬ</td><td>ꯀꫬ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ꯑꯦ</td><td>ꯀꯦ</td><td>ꯑꯩ</td><td>ꯀꯩ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ꯑꯣ</td><td>ꯀꯣ</td><td>ꯑꯧ</td><td>ꯀꯧ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ꯑꯪ</td><td>ꯀꯪ</td><td>ꯑꫵ</td><td>ꯀꫵ</td><td>ꯛ</td></tr><tr><th>Tibetan<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:69" href="#fn:69"><sup>69</sup></a></th><td>ཨ</td><td>ཀ</td><td>ཨཱ</td><td>ཀཱ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ཨི</td><td>ཀི</td><td>ཨཱི</td><td>ཀཱི</td><td>ཨུ</td><td>ཀུ</td><td>ཨཱུ</td><td>ཀཱུ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ཨེ</td><td>ཀེ</td><td>ཨཻ</td><td>ཀཻ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ཨོ</td><td>ཀོ</td><td>ཨཽ</td><td>ཀཽ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>རྀ</td><td>ཀྲྀ</td><td>རཱྀ</td><td>ཀཷ</td><td>ལྀ</td><td>ཀླྀ</td><td>ལཱྀ</td><td>ཀླཱྀ</td><td>ཨཾ</td><td>ཀཾ</td><td>ཨཿ</td><td>ཀཿ</td><td>ཀ྄</td></tr><tr><th>Lepcha<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:70" href="#fn:70"><sup>70</sup></a></th><td>ᰣ</td><td>ᰀ</td><td>ᰣᰦ</td><td>ᰀᰦ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᰣᰧ</td><td>ᰀᰧ</td><td>ᰣᰧᰶ</td><td>ᰀᰧᰶ</td><td>ᰣᰪ</td><td>ᰀᰪ</td><td>ᰣᰫ</td><td>ᰀᰫ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᰣᰬ</td><td>ᰀᰬ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᰣᰨ</td><td>ᰀᰨ</td><td>ᰣᰩ</td><td>ᰀᰩ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᰣᰴ</td><td>ᰀᰴ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><th>Limbu<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:71" href="#fn:71"><sup>71</sup></a></th><td>ᤀ</td><td>ᤁ</td><td>ᤀᤠ</td><td>ᤁᤠ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᤀᤡ</td><td>ᤁᤡ</td><td>ᤀᤡ᤺</td><td>ᤁᤡ᤺</td><td>ᤀᤢ</td><td>ᤁᤢ</td><td>ᤀᤢ᤺</td><td>ᤁᤢ᤺</td><td>ᤀᤧ</td><td>ᤁᤧ</td><td>ᤀᤣ</td><td>ᤁᤣ</td><td>ᤀᤤ</td><td>ᤁᤤ</td><td>ᤀᤨ</td><td>ᤁᤨ</td><td>ᤀᤥ</td><td>ᤁᤥ</td><td>ᤀᤦ</td><td>ᤁᤦ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᤀᤲ</td><td>ᤁᤲ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᤁ᤻</td></tr><tr><th>Tirhuta</th><td>𑒁</td><td>𑒏</td><td>𑒂</td><td>𑒏𑒰</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>𑒃</td><td>𑒏𑒱</td><td>𑒄</td><td>𑒏𑒲</td><td>𑒅</td><td>𑒏𑒳</td><td>𑒆</td><td>𑒏𑒴</td><td> </td><td>𑒏𑒺</td><td>𑒋</td><td>𑒏𑒹</td><td>𑒌</td><td>𑒏𑒻</td><td> </td><td>𑒏𑒽</td><td>𑒍</td><td>𑒏𑒼</td><td>𑒎</td><td>𑒏𑒾</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>𑒇</td><td>𑒏𑒵</td><td>𑒈</td><td>𑒏𑒶</td><td>𑒉</td><td>𑒏𑒷</td><td>𑒊</td><td>𑒏𑒸</td><td>𑒁𑓀</td><td>𑒏𑓀</td><td>𑒁𑓁</td><td>𑒏𑓁</td><td>𑒏𑓂</td></tr><tr><th>Kaithi</th><td>𑂃</td><td>𑂍</td><td>𑂄</td><td>𑂍𑂰</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>𑂅</td><td>𑂍𑂱</td><td>𑂆</td><td>𑂍𑂲</td><td>𑂇</td><td>𑂍𑂳</td><td>𑂈</td><td>𑂍𑂴</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>𑂉</td><td>𑂍𑂵</td><td>𑂊</td><td>𑂍𑂶</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>𑂋</td><td>𑂍𑂷</td><td>𑂌</td><td>𑂍𑂸</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>𑂃𑂁</td><td>𑂍𑂁</td><td>𑂃𑂂</td><td>𑂍𑂂</td><td>𑂍𑂹</td></tr><tr><th>Newa Prachalit</th><td>𑐀</td><td>𑐎</td><td>𑐁</td><td>𑐎𑐵</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>𑐂</td><td>𑐎𑐶</td><td>𑐃</td><td>𑐎𑐷</td><td>𑐄</td><td>𑐎𑐸</td><td>𑐅</td><td>𑐎𑐹</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>𑐊</td><td>𑐎𑐾</td><td>𑐋</td><td>𑐎𑐿</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>𑐌</td><td>𑐎𑑀</td><td>𑐍</td><td>𑐎𑑁</td><td></td><td></td><td>𑐆</td><td>𑐎𑐺</td><td>𑐇</td><td>𑐎𑐻</td><td>𑐈</td><td>𑐎𑐼</td><td>𑐉</td><td>𑐎𑐽</td><td>𑐀𑑄</td><td>𑐎𑑄</td><td>𑐀𑑅</td><td>𑐎𑑅</td><td>𑐎𑑂</td></tr><tr><th>Sylheti Nagari</th><td> </td><td>ꠇ</td><td>ꠀ</td><td>ꠇꠣ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ꠁ</td><td>ꠇꠤ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ꠃ</td><td>ꠇꠥ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ꠄ</td><td>ꠇꠦ</td><td>ꠅꠂ</td><td>ꠇꠂ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ꠅ</td><td>ꠇꠧ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ꠀꠋ</td><td>ꠇꠋ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ꠇ꠆</td></tr><tr><th>Tamil</th><td>அ</td><td>க</td><td>ஆ</td><td>கா</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>இ</td><td>கி</td><td>ஈ</td><td>கீ</td><td>உ</td><td>கு</td><td>ஊ</td><td>கூ</td><td>எ</td><td>கெ</td><td>ஏ</td><td>கே</td><td>ஐ</td><td>கை</td><td>ஒ</td><td>கொ</td><td>ஓ</td><td>கோ</td><td>ஔ</td><td>கௌ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>அஂ</td><td>கஂ</td><td>அஃ</td><td>கஃ</td><td>க்</td></tr><tr><th>Kannada</th><td>ಅ</td><td>ಕ</td><td>ಆ</td><td>ಕಾ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ಇ</td><td>ಕಿ</td><td>ಈ</td><td>ಕೀ</td><td>ಉ</td><td>ಕು</td><td>ಊ</td><td>ಕೂ</td><td>ಎ</td><td>ಕೆ</td><td>ಏ</td><td>ಕೇ</td><td>ಐ</td><td>ಕೈ</td><td>ಒ</td><td>ಕೊ</td><td>ಓ</td><td>ಕೋ</td><td>ಔ</td><td>ಕೌ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ಋ</td><td>ಕೃ</td><td>ೠ</td><td>ಕೄ</td><td>ಌ</td><td>ಕೢ</td><td>ೡ</td><td>ಕೣ</td><td>అం</td><td>ಕಂ</td><td>అః</td><td>ಕಃ</td><td>ಕ್</td></tr><tr><th>Telugu</th><td>అ</td><td>క</td><td>ఆ</td><td>కా</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ఇ</td><td>కి</td><td>ఈ</td><td>కీ</td><td>ఉ</td><td>కు</td><td>ఊ</td><td>కూ</td><td>ఎ</td><td>కె</td><td>ఏ</td><td>కే</td><td>ఐ</td><td>కై</td><td>ఒ</td><td>కొ</td><td>ఓ</td><td>కో</td><td>ఔ</td><td>కౌ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ఋ</td><td>కృ</td><td>ౠ</td><td>కౄ</td><td>ఌ</td><td>కౢ</td><td>ౡ</td><td>కౣ</td><td>అం</td><td>కం</td><td>అః</td><td>కః</td><td>క్</td></tr><tr><th>Sinhala</th><td>අ</td><td>ක</td><td>ආ</td><td>කා</td><td>ඇ</td><td>කැ</td><td>ඈ</td><td>කෑ</td><td>ඉ</td><td>කි</td><td>ඊ</td><td>කී</td><td>උ</td><td>කු</td><td>ඌ</td><td>කූ</td><td>එ</td><td>කෙ</td><td>ඒ</td><td>කේ</td><td>ඓ</td><td>කෛ</td><td>ඔ</td><td>කො</td><td>ඕ</td><td>කෝ</td><td>ඖ</td><td>කෞ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ඍ</td><td>කෘ</td><td>ඎ</td><td>කෲ</td><td>ඏ</td><td>කෟ</td><td>ඐ</td><td>කෳ</td><td>අං</td><td>කං</td><td>අඃ</td><td>කඃ</td><td>ක්</td></tr><tr><th>Malayalam</th><td>അ</td><td>ക</td><td>ആ</td><td>കാ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ഇ</td><td>കി</td><td>ഈ</td><td>കീ</td><td>ഉ</td><td>കു</td><td>ഊ</td><td>കൂ</td><td>എ</td><td>കെ</td><td>ഏ</td><td>കേ</td><td>ഐ</td><td>കൈ</td><td>ഒ</td><td>കൊ</td><td>ഓ</td><td>കോ</td><td>ഔ</td><td>കൗ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ഋ</td><td>കൃ</td><td>ൠ</td><td>കൄ</td><td>ഌ</td><td>കൢ</td><td>ൡ</td><td>കൣ</td><td>അം</td><td>കം</td><td>അഃ</td><td>കഃ</td><td>ക്,ക്</td></tr><tr><th>Chakma</th><td>𑄃𑄧</td><td>𑄇𑄧</td><td>𑄃</td><td>𑄇</td><td>𑄃𑄬𑄬</td><td>𑄇𑄬𑄬</td><td>𑄃𑅅</td><td>𑄇𑅅</td><td>𑄄, 𑄃𑄨</td><td>𑄇𑄨</td><td>𑄃𑄩</td><td>𑄇𑄩</td><td>𑄅, 𑄃𑄪</td><td>𑄇𑄪</td><td>𑄃𑄫</td><td>𑄇𑄫</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>𑄆, 𑄃𑄬</td><td>𑄇𑄬</td><td>𑄃𑄰</td><td>𑄇𑄰</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>𑄃𑄮</td><td>𑄇𑄮</td><td>𑄃𑄯</td><td>𑄇𑄯</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>𑄃𑄧𑄁</td><td>𑄇𑄧𑄁</td><td>𑄃𑄧𑄂</td><td>𑄇𑄧𑄂</td><td>𑄇𑄴</td></tr><tr><th>Burmese</th><td>အ</td><td>က</td><td>အာ</td><td>ကာ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ဣ</td><td>ကိ</td><td>ဤ</td><td>ကီ</td><td>ဥ</td><td>ကု</td><td>ဦ</td><td>ကူ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ဧ</td><td>ကေ</td><td>အဲ</td><td>ကဲ</td><td>ဩ</td><td>ကော</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>အောင်</td><td>ကောင်</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ၒ</td><td>ကၖ</td><td>ၓ</td><td>ကၗ</td><td>ၔ</td><td>ကၘ</td><td>ၕ</td><td>ကၙ</td><td>အံ</td><td>ကံ</td><td>အး</td><td>ကး</td><td>က်</td></tr><tr><th>Tai Tham</th><td>ᩋ</td><td>ᨠ</td><td>ᩋᩣ</td><td>ᨠᩣ/ᨠᩤ</td><td>ᩋᩯ</td><td>ᨠᩯ</td><td>(ᩋᩬᩴ,ᩋᩳ)</td><td>(ᨠᩬᩴ,ᨠᩳ)</td><td>ᩍ</td><td>ᨠᩥ</td><td>ᩎ</td><td>ᨠᩦ</td><td>ᩏ</td><td>ᨠᩩ</td><td>ᩐ</td><td>ᨠᩪ</td><td>(ᩋᩮᩡ)</td><td>(ᨠᩮᩡ)</td><td>ᩑ</td><td>ᨠᩮ</td><td>ᩋᩱ</td><td>ᨠᩱ</td><td>(ᩋᩰᩡ)</td><td>(ᨠᩰᩡ)</td><td>ᩒ,ᩋᩰ</td><td>ᨠᩰ,ᨠᩮᩣ</td><td>ᩋᩮᩢᩣ,ᩋᩯᩣ,ᩐᩣ</td><td>ᨠᩮᩢᩣ,ᨠᩮᩫᩣ,ᨠᩯᩣ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᩁᩂ</td><td>ᨠᩂ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᩋᩴ</td><td>ᨠᩴ</td><td>ᩋᩡ</td><td>ᨠᩡ</td><td>ᨠ᩺,ᨠ᩼</td></tr><tr><th>New Tai Lue<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:72" href="#fn:72"><sup>72</sup></a></th><td>ᦀ</td><td>ᦂ</td><td>ᦀᦱ</td><td>ᦂᦱ</td><td>ᦶᦀ</td><td>ᦶᦂ</td><td>(ᦀᦸ)</td><td>(ᦂᦸ)</td><td>ᦀᦲᦰ</td><td>ᦂᦲᦰ</td><td>ᦀᦲ</td><td>ᦂᦲ</td><td>ᦀᦳ</td><td>ᦂᦳ</td><td>ᦀᦴ</td><td>ᦂᦴ</td><td>(ᦵᦀᦰ)</td><td>(ᦵᦂᦰ)</td><td>ᦵᦀ</td><td>ᦵᦂ</td><td>ᦺᦀ</td><td>ᦺᦂ</td><td>(ᦷᦀᦰ)</td><td>(ᦷᦂᦰ)</td><td>ᦷᦀ</td><td>ᦷᦂ</td><td>ᦀᧁ</td><td>ᦂᧁ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᦀᦰ</td><td>ᦂᦰ</td><td>ᧅ</td></tr><tr><th>Khmer<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:73" href="#fn:73"><sup>73</sup></a></th><td>អ</td><td>ក</td><td>អា</td><td>កា</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ឥ</td><td>កិ</td><td>ឦ</td><td>កី</td><td>ឧ</td><td>កុ</td><td>ឩ</td><td>កូ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ឯ</td><td>កេ</td><td>ឰ</td><td>កៃ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ឱ</td><td>កោ</td><td>ឳ</td><td>កៅ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ឫ</td><td>ក្ឫ</td><td>ឬ</td><td>ក្ឬ</td><td>ឭ</td><td>ក្ឭ</td><td>ឮ</td><td>ក្ឮ</td><td>អំ</td><td>កំ</td><td>អះ</td><td>កះ</td><td>ក៑</td></tr><tr><th>Thai<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:74" href="#fn:74"><sup>74</sup></a></th><td>อ (อะ)</td><td>ก (กะ)</td><td>อา</td><td>กา</td><td>แอ</td><td>แก</td><td>(ออ)</td><td>(กอ)</td><td>อิ</td><td>กิ</td><td>อี</td><td>กี</td><td>อุ</td><td>กุ</td><td>อู</td><td>กู</td><td>(เอะ)</td><td>(เกะ)</td><td>เอ</td><td>เก</td><td>ไอ,ใอ</td><td>ไก,ใก</td><td>(โอะ)</td><td>(โกะ)</td><td>โอ</td><td>โก</td><td>เอา</td><td>เกา</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ฤ</td><td>กฺฤ</td><td>ฤๅ</td><td>กฺฤๅ</td><td>ฦ</td><td>กฺฦ</td><td>ฦๅ</td><td>กฺฦๅ</td><td>อํ</td><td>กํ</td><td>อะ (อะฮฺ)</td><td>กะ (กะฮฺ)</td><td>กฺ (ก/ก์)</td></tr><tr><th>Lao<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:75" href="#fn:75"><sup>75</sup></a></th><td>ອະ</td><td>ກະ</td><td>ອາ</td><td>ກາ</td><td>ແອ</td><td>ແກ</td><td>(ອອ)</td><td>(ກອ)</td><td>ອິ</td><td>ກິ</td><td>ອີ</td><td>ກີ</td><td>ອຸ</td><td>ກຸ</td><td>ອູ</td><td>ກູ</td><td>(ແອະ)</td><td>(ແກະ)</td><td>ເອ</td><td>ເກ</td><td>ໄອ,ໃອ</td><td>ໄກ,ໃກ</td><td>(ໂອະ)</td><td>(ໂກະ)</td><td>ໂອ</td><td>ໂກ</td><td>ເອົາ,ອາວ</td><td>ເກົາ,ກາວ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ອํ</td><td>ກํ</td><td>ອະ</td><td>ກະ</td><td>ກ</td></tr><tr><th>Cham</th><td>ꨀ</td><td>ꨆ</td><td>ꨀꨩ</td><td>ꨆꨩ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ꨁ</td><td>ꨆꨪ</td><td>ꨁꨩ</td><td>ꨆꨫ</td><td>ꨂ</td><td>ꨆꨭ</td><td>ꨂꨩ</td><td>ꨆꨭꨩ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ꨃ</td><td>ꨆꨯꨮ</td><td>ꨄ</td><td>ꨆꨰ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ꨅ</td><td>ꨆꨯ</td><td>ꨀꨯꨱ</td><td>ꨆꨯꨱ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ꨣꨮ</td><td>ꨆꨴꨮ</td><td>ꨣꨮꨩ</td><td>ꨆꨴꨮꨩ</td><td>ꨤꨮ</td><td>ꨆꨵꨮ</td><td>ꨤꨮꨩ</td><td>ꨆꨵꨮꨩ</td><td>ꨀꩌ</td><td>ꨆꩌ</td><td>ꨀꩍ</td><td>ꨆꩍ</td><td>ꩀ</td></tr><tr><th>Kawi</th><td>𑼄</td><td>𑼒</td><td>𑼅</td><td>𑼒𑼴</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>𑼆</td><td>𑼒𑼶</td><td>𑼇</td><td>𑼒𑼷</td><td>𑼈</td><td>𑼒𑼸</td><td>𑼉</td><td>𑼒𑼹</td><td>𑼎</td><td>𑼒𑼾</td><td></td><td></td><td>𑼏</td><td>𑼒𑼿</td><td>𑼐</td><td>𑼒𑼾𑼴</td><td></td><td></td><td>𑼐𑼴</td><td>𑼒𑼿𑼴</td><td>𑼄𑽀</td><td>𑼒𑽀</td><td>𑼊</td><td>𑼒𑼺</td><td>𑼊𑼴</td><td>𑼒𑼺𑼴</td><td>𑼌</td><td>𑼒𑽂𑼌</td><td>𑼍</td><td>𑼒𑽂𑼭𑽀𑼴</td><td>𑼄𑼁</td><td>𑼒𑼁</td><td>𑼄𑼃</td><td>𑼒𑼃</td><td>𑼒𑽁</td></tr><tr><th>Balinese</th><td>ᬅ</td><td>ᬓ</td><td>ᬆ</td><td>ᬓᬵ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᬇ</td><td>ᬓᬶ</td><td>ᬈ</td><td>ᬓᬷ</td><td>ᬉ</td><td>ᬓᬸ</td><td>ᬊ</td><td>ᬓᬹ</td><td>ᬏ</td><td>ᬓᬾ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᬐ</td><td>ᬓᬿ</td><td>ᬑ</td><td>ᬓᭀ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᬒ</td><td>ᬓᭁ</td><td>ᬅᭂ</td><td>ᬓᭂ</td><td>ᬋ</td><td>ᬓᬺ</td><td>ᬌ</td><td>ᬓᬻ</td><td>ᬍ</td><td>ᬓᬼ</td><td>ᬎ</td><td>ᬓᬽ</td><td>ᬅᬂ</td><td>ᬓᬂ</td><td>ᬅᬄ</td><td>ᬓᬄ</td><td>ᬓ᭄</td></tr><tr><th>Javanese</th><td>ꦄ</td><td>ꦏ</td><td>ꦄꦴ</td><td>ꦏꦴ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ꦆ</td><td>ꦏꦶ</td><td>ꦇ</td><td>ꦏꦷ</td><td>ꦈ</td><td>ꦏꦸ</td><td>ꦈꦴ</td><td>ꦏꦹ</td><td>ꦌ</td><td>ꦏꦺ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ꦍ</td><td>ꦏꦻ</td><td>ꦎ</td><td>ꦏꦺꦴ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ꦎꦴ</td><td>ꦏꦻꦴ</td><td>ꦄꦼ</td><td>ꦏꦼ</td><td>ꦉ</td><td>ꦏꦽ</td><td>ꦉꦴ</td><td>ꦏꦽꦴ</td><td>ꦊ</td><td>ꦏ꧀ꦊ</td><td>ꦋ</td><td>ꦏ꧀ꦋ</td><td>ꦄꦁ</td><td>ꦏꦁ</td><td>ꦄꦃ</td><td>ꦏꦃ</td><td>ꦏ꧀</td></tr><tr><th>Sundanese</th><td>ᮃ</td><td>ᮊ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᮄ</td><td>ᮊᮤ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᮅ</td><td>ᮊᮥ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᮆ</td><td>ᮊᮦ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᮇ</td><td>ᮊᮧ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᮈ</td><td>ᮊᮨ</td><td>ᮻ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:76" href="#fn:76"><sup>76</sup></a></td><td>ᮊ᮪ᮻ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:77" href="#fn:77"><sup>77</sup></a></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᮼ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:78" href="#fn:78"><sup>78</sup></a></td><td>ᮊ᮪ᮼ<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:79" href="#fn:79"><sup>79</sup></a></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᮃᮀ</td><td>ᮊᮀ</td><td>ᮃᮂ</td><td>ᮊᮂ</td><td>ᮊ᮪</td></tr><tr><th>Lontara</th><td>ᨕ</td><td>ᨀ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᨕᨗ</td><td>ᨀᨗ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᨕᨘ</td><td>ᨀᨘ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᨕᨙ</td><td>ᨀᨙ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᨕᨚ</td><td>ᨀᨚ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᨕᨛ</td><td>ᨀᨛ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><th>Makasar</th><td>𑻱</td><td>𑻠</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>𑻱𑻳</td><td>𑻠𑻳</td><td></td><td></td><td>𑻱𑻴</td><td>𑻠𑻴</td><td></td><td></td><td>𑻱𑻵</td><td>𑻠𑻵</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>𑻱𑻶</td><td>𑻠𑻶</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td> </td><td> </td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>Rejang</th><td>ꥆ</td><td>ꤰ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ꥆꥎ</td><td>ꤰꥎ</td><td>ꥆꥍ</td><td>ꤰꥍ</td><td>ꥆꥇ</td><td>ꤰꥇ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ꥆꥈ</td><td>ꤰꥈ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ꥆꥉ</td><td>ꤰꥉ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ꥆꥊ</td><td>ꤰꥊ</td><td>ꥆꥋ</td><td>ꤰꥋ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ꥆꥌ</td><td>ꤰꥌ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ꥆꥏ</td><td>ꤰꥏ</td><td>ꥆꥒ</td><td>ꤰꥒ</td><td>ꤰ꥓</td></tr><tr><th>Batak (Toba)</th><td>ᯀ</td><td>ᯂ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᯤ</td><td>ᯂᯪ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᯥ</td><td>ᯂᯮ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᯂᯩ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᯂᯬ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᯀᯰ</td><td>ᯂᯰ</td><td>ᯀᯱ</td><td>ᯂᯱ</td><td>ᯂ᯲</td></tr><tr><th>Baybayin</th><td>ᜀ</td><td>ᜃ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᜁ</td><td>ᜃᜒ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᜂ</td><td>ᜃᜓ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᜁ</td><td>ᜃᜒ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᜂ</td><td>ᜃᜓ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᜃ᜔</td></tr><tr><th>Buhid</th><td>ᝀ</td><td>ᝃ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᝁ</td><td>ᝃᝒ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᝂ</td><td>ᝃᝓ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><th>Hanunuo</th><td>ᜠ</td><td>ᜣ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᜡ</td><td>ᜣᜲ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᜢ</td><td>ᜣᜳ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᜣ᜴</td></tr><tr><th>Tagbanwa</th><td>ᝠ</td><td>ᝣ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᝡ</td><td>ᝣᝲ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>ᝢ</td><td>ᝣᝳ</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><th rowspan="2">ISO</th><th>a</th><th>ka</th><th>ā</th><th>kā</th><th>ê</th><th>kê</th><th>ô</th><th>kô</th><th>i</th><th>ki</th><th>ī</th><th>kī</th><th>u</th><th>ku</th><th>ū</th><th>kū</th><th>e</th><th>ke</th><th>ē</th><th>kē</th><th>ai</th><th>kai</th><th>o</th><th>ko</th><th>ō</th><th>kō</th><th>au</th><th>kau</th><th>ə</th><th>kə</th><th>r̥</th><th>kr̥</th><th>r̥̄</th><th>kr̥̄</th><th>l̥</th><th>kl̥</th><th>l̥̄</th><th>kl̥̄</th><th>aṁ</th><th>kaṁ</th><th>aḥ</th><th>kaḥ</th><th>k</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2">a</th><th colspan="2">ā</th><th colspan="2">ê</th><th colspan="2">ô</th><th colspan="2">i</th><th colspan="2">ī</th><th colspan="2">u</th><th colspan="2">ū</th><th colspan="2">e</th><th colspan="2">ē</th><th colspan="2">ai</th><th colspan="2">o</th><th colspan="2">ō</th><th colspan="2">au</th><th colspan="2">ə</th><th colspan="2">r̥</th><th colspan="2">r̥̄</th><th colspan="2">l̥</th><th colspan="2">l̥̄</th><th colspan="2">ṁ</th><th colspan="2">ḥ</th><th> </th></tr></tbody></table> <p>Notes </p> <h3>Numerals</h3> <table><tbody><tr><th><a href="/facts/Arabic_numerals/LryNhh26">Hindu-Arabic</a></th><th>0</th><th>1</th><th>2</th><th>3</th><th>4</th><th>5</th><th>6</th><th>7</th><th>8</th><th>9</th></tr><tr><th>Brahmi numbers</th><td></td><td>𑁒</td><td>𑁓</td><td>𑁔</td><td>𑁕</td><td>𑁖</td><td>𑁗</td><td>𑁘</td><td>𑁙</td><td>𑁚</td></tr><tr><th>Brahmi digits</th><td>𑁦</td><td>𑁧</td><td>𑁨</td><td>𑁩</td><td>𑁪</td><td>𑁫</td><td>𑁬</td><td>𑁭</td><td>𑁮</td><td>𑁯</td></tr><tr><th>Bengali- Assamese</th><td>০</td><td>১</td><td>২</td><td>৩</td><td>৪</td><td>৫</td><td>৬</td><td>৭</td><td>৮</td><td>৯</td></tr><tr><th>Tirhuta</th><td>𑓐</td><td>𑓑</td><td>𑓒</td><td>𑓓</td><td>𑓔</td><td>𑓕</td><td>𑓖</td><td>𑓗</td><td>𑓘</td><td>𑓙</td></tr><tr><th>Odia</th><td>୦</td><td>୧</td><td>୨</td><td>୩</td><td>୪</td><td>୫</td><td>୬</td><td>୭</td><td>୮</td><td>୯</td></tr><tr><th>Devanagari</th><td>०</td><td>१</td><td>२</td><td>३</td><td>४</td><td>५</td><td>६</td><td>७</td><td>८</td><td>९</td></tr><tr><th>Gujarati</th><td>૦</td><td>૧</td><td>૨</td><td>૩</td><td>૪</td><td>૫</td><td>૬</td><td>૭</td><td>૮</td><td>૯</td></tr><tr><th>Modi</th><td>𑙐</td><td>𑙑</td><td>𑙒</td><td>𑙓</td><td>𑙔</td><td>𑙕</td><td>𑙖</td><td>𑙗</td><td>𑙘</td><td>𑙙</td></tr><tr><th>Sharada</th><td>𑇐</td><td>𑇑</td><td>𑇒</td><td>𑇓</td><td>𑇔</td><td>𑇕</td><td>𑇖</td><td>𑇗</td><td>𑇘</td><td>𑇙</td></tr><tr><th>Takri</th><td>𑛀</td><td>𑛁</td><td>𑛂</td><td>𑛃</td><td>𑛄</td><td>𑛅</td><td>𑛆</td><td>𑛇</td><td>𑛈</td><td>𑛉</td></tr><tr><th>Gurmukhi</th><td>੦</td><td>੧</td><td>੨</td><td>੩</td><td>੪</td><td>੫</td><td>੬</td><td>੭</td><td>੮</td><td>੯</td></tr><tr><th>Khudabadi</th><td>𑋰</td><td>𑋱</td><td>𑋲</td><td>𑋳</td><td>𑋴</td><td>𑋵</td><td>𑋶</td><td>𑋷</td><td>𑋸</td><td>𑋹</td></tr><tr><th>Meitei (Manipuri)</th><td>꯰</td><td>꯱</td><td>꯲</td><td>꯳</td><td>꯴</td><td>꯵</td><td>꯶</td><td>꯷</td><td>꯸</td><td>꯹</td></tr><tr><th>Pracalit</th><td>𑑐</td><td>𑑑</td><td>𑑒</td><td>𑑓</td><td>𑑔</td><td>𑑕</td><td>𑑖</td><td>𑑗</td><td>𑑘</td><td>𑑙</td></tr><tr><th>Tibetan</th><td>༠</td><td>༡</td><td>༢</td><td>༣</td><td>༤</td><td>༥</td><td>༦</td><td>༧</td><td>༨</td><td>༩</td></tr><tr><th>Mongolian<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:80" href="#fn:80"><sup>80</sup></a></th><td>᠐</td><td>᠑</td><td>᠒</td><td>᠓</td><td>᠔</td><td>᠕</td><td>᠖</td><td>᠗</td><td>᠘</td><td>᠙</td></tr><tr><th>Lepcha</th><td>᱀</td><td>᱁</td><td>᱂</td><td>᱃</td><td>᱄</td><td>᱅</td><td>᱆</td><td>᱇</td><td>᱈</td><td>᱉</td></tr><tr><th>Limbu</th><td>᥆</td><td>᥇</td><td>᥈</td><td>᥉</td><td>᥊</td><td>᥋</td><td>᥌</td><td>᥍</td><td>᥎</td><td>᥏</td></tr><tr><th>Sinhala astrological numbers</th><td>෦</td><td>෧</td><td>෨</td><td>෩</td><td>෪</td><td>෫</td><td>෬</td><td>෭</td><td>෮</td><td>෯</td></tr><tr><th>Sinhala archaic numbers</th><td></td><td>𑇡</td><td>𑇢</td><td>𑇣</td><td>𑇤</td><td>𑇥</td><td>𑇦</td><td>𑇧</td><td>𑇨</td><td>𑇩</td></tr><tr><th>Tamil</th><td>೦</td><td>௧</td><td>௨</td><td>௩</td><td>௪</td><td>௫</td><td>௬</td><td>௭</td><td>௮</td><td>௯</td></tr><tr><th>Telugu</th><td>౦</td><td>౧</td><td>౨</td><td>౩</td><td>౪</td><td>౫</td><td>౬</td><td>౭</td><td>౮</td><td>౯</td></tr><tr><th>Kannada</th><td>೦</td><td>೧</td><td>೨</td><td>೩</td><td>೪</td><td>೫</td><td>೬</td><td>೭</td><td>೮</td><td>೯</td></tr><tr><th>Malayalam</th><td>൦</td><td>൧</td><td>൨</td><td>൩</td><td>൪</td><td>൫</td><td>൬</td><td>൭</td><td>൮</td><td>൯</td></tr><tr><th>Saurashtra</th><td>꣐</td><td>꣑</td><td>꣒</td><td>꣓</td><td>꣔</td><td>꣕</td><td>꣖</td><td>꣗</td><td>꣘</td><td>꣙</td></tr><tr><th>Ahom</th><td>𑜰</td><td>𑜱</td><td>𑜲</td><td>𑜳</td><td>𑜴</td><td>𑜵</td><td>𑜶</td><td>𑜷</td><td>𑜸</td><td>𑜹</td></tr><tr><th>Chakma</th><td>𑄶</td><td>𑄷</td><td>𑄸</td><td>𑄹</td><td>𑄺</td><td>𑄻</td><td>𑄼</td><td>𑄽</td><td>𑄾</td><td>𑄿</td></tr><tr><th>Burmese</th><td>၀</td><td>၁</td><td>၂</td><td>၃</td><td>၄</td><td>၅</td><td>၆</td><td>၇</td><td>၈</td><td>၉</td></tr><tr><th>Tai Tham Astrological Numbers<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:81" href="#fn:81"><sup>81</sup></a></th><td>᪀</td><td>᪁</td><td>᪂</td><td>᪃</td><td>᪄</td><td>᪅</td><td>᪆</td><td>᪇</td><td>᪈</td><td>᪉</td></tr><tr><th>New Tai Lue</th><td>᧐</td><td>᧑</td><td>᧒</td><td>᧓</td><td>᧔</td><td>᧕</td><td>᧖</td><td>᧗</td><td>᧘</td><td>᧙</td></tr><tr><th>Shan</th><td>႐</td><td>႑</td><td>႒</td><td>႓</td><td>႔</td><td>႕</td><td>႖</td><td>႗</td><td>႘</td><td>႙</td></tr><tr><th>Khmer</th><td>០</td><td>១</td><td>២</td><td>៣</td><td>៤</td><td>៥</td><td>៦</td><td>៧</td><td>៨</td><td>៩</td></tr><tr><th>Thai</th><td>๐</td><td>๑</td><td>๒</td><td>๓</td><td>๔</td><td>๕</td><td>๖</td><td>๗</td><td>๘</td><td>๙</td></tr><tr><th>Lao</th><td>໐</td><td>໑</td><td>໒</td><td>໓</td><td>໔</td><td>໕</td><td>໖</td><td>໗</td><td>໘</td><td>໙</td></tr><tr><th>Tai Tham<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:82" href="#fn:82"><sup>82</sup></a></th><td>᪐</td><td>᪑</td><td>᪒</td><td>᪓</td><td>᪔</td><td>᪕</td><td>᪖</td><td>᪗</td><td>᪘</td><td>᪙</td></tr><tr><th>Cham</th><td>꩐</td><td>꩑</td><td>꩒</td><td>꩓</td><td>꩔</td><td>꩕</td><td>꩖</td><td>꩗</td><td>꩘</td><td>꩙</td></tr><tr><th>Balinese</th><td>᭐</td><td>᭑</td><td>᭒</td><td>᭓</td><td>᭔</td><td>᭕</td><td>᭖</td><td>᭗</td><td>᭘</td><td>᭙</td></tr><tr><th>Javanese</th><td>꧐</td><td>꧑</td><td>꧒</td><td>꧓</td><td>꧔</td><td>꧕</td><td>꧖</td><td>꧗</td><td>꧘</td><td>꧙</td></tr><tr><th>Sundanese</th><td>᮰</td><td>᮱</td><td>᮲</td><td>᮳</td><td>᮴</td><td>᮵</td><td>᮶</td><td>᮷</td><td>᮸</td><td>᮹</td></tr><tr><th>Hindu-Arabic</th><th>0</th><th>1</th><th>2</th><th>3</th><th>4</th><th>5</th><th>6</th><th>7</th><th>8</th><th>9</th></tr></tbody></table> <p>Notes </p> <h2 id="list-of-brahmic-scripts">List of Brahmic scripts</h2> <h3>Historical</h3> <p>The Brahmi script was already divided into regional variants at the time of the earliest surviving epigraphy around the 3rd century BC. Cursives of the Brahmi script began to diversify further from around the 5th century AD and continued to give rise to new scripts throughout the Middle Ages. The main division in antiquity was between northern and <a href="/facts/Tamil_Brahmi/vHmYf1pY">southern Brahmi</a>. In the northern group, the <a href="/facts/Gupta_script/9JPzfTgL">Gupta script</a> was very influential, and in the southern group the <a href="/facts/Vatteluttu_alphabet/wXIUNUXL">Vatteluttu</a> and <a href="/facts/Kadamba_script/CVEzSxCY">Kadamba</a>/<a href="/facts/Pallava_script/Lvu7cmIX">Pallava</a> scripts with the <a href="/facts/Hinduism_in_Southeast_Asia/HHFEmtzM">spread of Buddhism</a> sent Brahmic scripts throughout Southeast Asia. </p> <table><tbody><tr><td colspan="8">Early Brahmic scripts</td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/IAST/pkGIHRcw">IAST</a></th><th><a href="/facts/Ashoka/YsxDJyF2">Ashoka</a></th><th><a href="/facts/Girnar/n9HR6Lo0">Girnar</a></th><th><a href="/facts/Chandragupta_I/CdKr5NTH">Chandra</a><a href="/facts/Chandragupta_I/CdKr5NTH">-gupta</a></th><th><a href="/facts/Gujarat/HwmVfMwr">Gujarat</a></th><th><a href="/facts/Prayagraj/XA7MYXWb">Prayagraj</a></th><th><a href="/facts/Narbada_script/mwHJWt6d">Narbada</a></th><th><a href="/facts/Kistna_script/mwHJWt6d">Kistna</a></th></tr><tr><td><i>a</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><i>ā</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><i>i</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><i>ī</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><i>u</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><i>ū</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><i>ṛ</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><i>e</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><i>ai</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><i>o</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><i>au</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><i>k</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><i>kh</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><i>g</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><i>gh</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><i>ṅ</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><i>c</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><i>ch</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><i>j</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><i>jh</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><i>ñ</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><i>ṭ</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><i>ṭh</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><i>ḍ</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><i>ḍh</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><i>ṇ</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><i>t</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><i>th</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><i>d</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><i>dh</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><i>n</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><i>p</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><i>ph</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><i>b</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><i>bh</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><i>m</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><i>y</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><i>r</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><i>l</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><i>v</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><i>ś</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><i>ṣ</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><i>s</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><i>h</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="note">Further information: <a href="/facts/Malabar_script/V6BsdCRU">Malabar script</a></p> <h3>Northern Brahmic</h3> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Gupta_script/9JPzfTgL">Gupta</a>, 4th century <ul><li><a href="/facts/Sharada_script/LNUBbo4L">Sharada</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/La%25E1%25B9%2587%25E1%25B8%258D%25C4%2581_scripts/9yqlNmwa">Landa</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Gurmukhi/u6Nt0z14">Gurmukhi</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Khojki_script/CQQJXlCz">Khojki</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Khudabadi_script/VqfTDNFe">Khudabadi</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Mahajani/RMV3P5FT">Mahajani</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Multani_script/fSo5o8yC">Multani</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/facts/Takri_script/h8DlbXcc">Takri</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Takri_script/h8DlbXcc">Chamba</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Dogri_script/HNmqPKQY">Dogri</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Sirmauri_script/qH3Eevkm">Sirmauri</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/facts/Siddha%25E1%25B9%2583_script/McxAxntx">Siddhaṃ</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/N%25C4%2581gar%25C4%25AB_script/ANaDXAnE">Nagari</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Devanagari/dQvQ3Ufs">Devanagari</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Modi_script/AATLhhHH">Modi</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Gujarati_script/zbJCS2Rm">Gujarati</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Nandinagari/cYAtsh1m">Nandinagari</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Kaithi/F5ohrMDs">Kaithi</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Sylheti_Nagari/gTKqzhD1">Sylheti Nagari</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/facts/Kamarupi_script/a1Rbx3gN">Kamarupi</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Assamese_alphabet/fnGWsu0G">Assamese</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:83" href="#fn:83"><sup>83</sup></a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/facts/Gaudi_script/rnACeRXn">Gaudi</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Bengali%25E2%2580%2593Assamese_script/YV3phTFD">Bengali–Assamese (Eastern Nagari)</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Assamese_alphabet/fnGWsu0G">Assamese</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:84" href="#fn:84"><sup>84</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Bengali_alphabet/kdlW4eGK">Bengali</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/facts/Tirhuta_script/eALHAv9f">Tirhuta (Mithilakshar)</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Odia_script/05jEzRTV">Odia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/facts/Nepalese_scripts/l4x35REk">Nepalese</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Bhujimol_script/rRVHjAnP">Bhujimol</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Ranjana_script/RrJSQqkm">Ranjana</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Soyombo_script/mgEhTMHG">Soyombo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/facts/Pracalit_script/sxYvLyG2">Pracalit</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/facts/Tibetan_script/d6SoCnze">Tibetan</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Meitei_script/TNYLknDw">Meetei Mayek</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Lepcha_script/uL2DMzX7">Lepcha</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Limbu_script/JwKrYcrW">Limbu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/facts/Khema_script/ge3To2aP">Khema</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/%25CA%25BCPhags-pa_script/YUtC0W72">ʼPhags-pa</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Zanabazar_square_script/DPVlXN04">Zanabazar square</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/facts/Marchen_script/I5MSDzkB">Marchen</a> <ul><li>Marchung</li> <li>Pungs-chen</li> <li>Pungs-chung</li> <li>Drusha</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/facts/Kalinga_script/mRDvtIsJ">Kalinga</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Bhaiksuki_script/6n0uRlnG">Bhaiksuki</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/facts/Tocharian_script/PCKtJrxk">Tocharian</a> (Slanting Brahmi)</li></ul> <h3>Southern Brahmic</h3> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Tamil-Brahmi/vHmYf1pY">Tamil-Brahmi</a>, 2nd century BC <ul><li><a href="/facts/Pallava_script/Lvu7cmIX">Pallava</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Tamil_script/QAEV8dJ5">Tamil</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Grantha_script/V329dYoU">Grantha</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Malayalam_script/HDsBdkqw">Malayalam</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Tigalari_script/wawmVvNQ">Tigalari/Tulu</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Saurashtra_script/DXporxmk">Saurashtra</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/facts/Khmer_script/al76EeT6">Khmer</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Khom_Thai_script/MJyugqrS">Khom Thai</a></li> <li><i>Proto-Tai script?</i> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Sukhothai_script/7zvk7QaI">Sukhothai</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Thai_script/uxnpJWg9">Thai</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Fakkham_script/920janf3">Fakkham</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Thai_Noi_script/nycPcPLE">Thai Noi</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Lao_script/yJC2rshj">Lao</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/facts/Tai_Viet_script/NdYMjvf0">Tai Viet</a></li> <li>Dai Don</li> <li><a href="/facts/Lai_Tay_script/N7gnIvRx">Lai Tay</a></li> <li>Lai Pao</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/facts/Cham_script/v5p0gyxJ">Cham</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Kawi_script/NXdMWyYz">Kawi</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Balinese_script/GFaM7dph">Balinese</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Batak_script/P6bdXee5">Batak</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Buda_script/9ucE09Dq">Buda</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Javanese_script/HaMUR9Mw">Javanese</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Old_Sundanese_script/tvc7yYSJ">Old Sundanese</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Sundanese_script/SdBEctgL">Sundanese</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/facts/Lontara_script/nM7GFr0F">Lontara</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Makasar_script/jJ0vgE37">Makasar</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Ulu_scripts/SCVXJ2J7">Ulu scripts</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Incung_script/7EkYQ2Ec">Incung</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Lampung_script/IzMrz8zV">Lampung</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Lembak_script/SCVXJ2J7">Lembak</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Ogan_script/nWASHjKI">Ogan</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Pasemah_script/SCVXJ2J7">Pasemah</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Rejang_script/2KRgbEjy">Rejang</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Serawai_script/SCVXJ2J7">Serawai</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/facts/Baybayin/XGuE9d0b">Baybayin</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Buhid_script/Tj8vfrC5">Buhid</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Hanun%25C3%25B3%2527o_script/zfUlkY5W">Hanunó'o</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Tagbanwa_script/yoGlChxq">Tagbanwa</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Kulitan_alphabet/No4x0Jya">Kulitan</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Basahan/vqhfC0ha">Basahan</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/facts/Mon%25E2%2580%2593Burmese_script/F4lySaxb">Mon–Burmese</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Mon_alphabet/N4tQCxIj">Modern Mon</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Burmese_alphabet/LY1bLCCP">Burmese</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Chakma_script/BoRN4IQv">Chakma</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/S%2527gaw_Karen_alphabet/QUm753EK">S'gaw Karen</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Shan_script/LokqwEak">Shan</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Tanchangya_script/6u6NLxcv">Tanchangya</a></li> <li><i>Lik-Tai scripts</i> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Ahom_script/LkWYuyCF">Ahom</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Khamti_script/BHec2hXE">Khamti</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Tai_Le_script/XFoug4QA">Tai Le</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/facts/Tai_Tham_script/LU4CcUf9">Tai Tham</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/New_Tai_Lue_alphabet/Ajs1xVJl">New Tai Lue</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/facts/Pyu_script/J8xqrWWA">Pyu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/facts/Vatteluttu/wXIUNUXL">Vatteluttu</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Kolezhuthu/BdraRQcV">Kolezhuthu</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Malayanma/JjJgpHAs">Malayanma</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/facts/Sinhala_script/2ynWA0GY">Sinhala</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Dhives_Akuru/awVIaWnR">Dhives Akuru</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/facts/Bhattiprolu_script/djbBt8FB">Bhattiprolu script</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Kadamba_script/CVEzSxCY">Kadamba</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Telugu-Kannada_alphabet/nuHQnp7s">Telugu-Kannada</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Telugu_script/GzUHyXLb">Telugu</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Kannada_script/LUbwH0pS">Kannada</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Goykanadi/4JwvBGGj">Goykanadi</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <h2 id="unicode-of-brahmic-scripts">Unicode of Brahmic scripts</h2> <p>As of <a href="/facts/Unicode/DDu3MfPV">Unicode</a> version 16.0, the following Brahmic scripts have been encoded: </p> <table><tbody><tr><th>script</th><th>derivation</th><th>Period of derivation</th><th>usage notes</th><th><a href="/facts/ISO_15924/jSzSBtjf">ISO 15924</a></th><th>Unicode range(s)</th><th>sample</th></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Ahom_script/LkWYuyCF">Ahom</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Burmese_alphabet/LY1bLCCP">Burmese</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:85" href="#fn:85"><sup>85</sup></a></td><td>13th century</td><td>Extinct <a href="/facts/Ahom_language/aRPRQhbh">Ahom language</a></td><td>Ahom</td><td>U+11700–U+1174F</td><td>𑜒𑜠𑜑𑜨𑜉</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Balinese_script/GFaM7dph">Balinese</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Kawi_script/NXdMWyYz">Kawi</a></td><td>11th century</td><td><a href="/facts/Balinese_language/QCV3Y4Io">Balinese language</a></td><td>Bali</td><td>U+1B00–U+1B7F</td><td>ᬅᬓ᭄ᬲᬭᬩᬮᬶ</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Batak_alphabet/P6bdXee5">Batak</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Pallava_script/Lvu7cmIX">Pallava</a></td><td>14th century</td><td><a href="/facts/Batak_languages/dm4g4gxu">Batak languages</a></td><td>Batk</td><td>U+1BC0–U+1BFF</td><td>ᯘᯮᯒᯖ᯲ ᯅᯖᯂ᯲</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Baybayin/XGuE9d0b">Baybayin</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Kawi_script/NXdMWyYz">Kawi</a></td><td>14th century</td><td><a href="/facts/Tagalog_language/G8UARRIl">Tagalog</a>, other <a href="/facts/Philippine_languages/2YpddJJJ">Philippine languages</a></td><td>Tglg</td><td>U+1700–U+171F</td><td>ᜊᜌ᜔ᜊᜌᜒᜈ᜔</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Bengali-Assamese_script/YV3phTFD">Bengali-Assamese</a> (<a href="/facts/Eastern_Nagari_script/YV3phTFD">Eastern Nagari</a>)</td><td><a href="/facts/Siddha%25E1%25B9%2583_script/McxAxntx">Siddhaṃ</a></td><td>11th century</td><td><a href="/facts/Assamese_language/rS7BqK0P">Assamese language</a> (<a href="/facts/Assamese_alphabet/fnGWsu0G">Assamese script</a> variant), <a href="/facts/Bengali_language/twpKobqA">Bengali language</a> (<a href="/facts/Bengali_alphabet/kdlW4eGK">Bengali script</a> variant), <a href="/facts/Bishnupriya_Manipuri/tmEWboNt">Bishnupriya</a>, <a href="/facts/Maithili_language/Wg2btkFY">Maithili</a>, <a href="/facts/Meitei_language/SwBGUkeR">Meitei language</a> (constitutionally termed as "<a href="/facts/Manipuri_language/SwBGUkeR">Manipuri</a>")<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:86" href="#fn:86"><sup>86</sup></a></td><td>Beng</td><td>U+0980–U+09FF</td><td><ul><li>অসমীয়া লিপি</li><li>বাংলা লিপি</li></ul></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Bhaiksuki_script/6n0uRlnG">Bhaiksuki</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Gupta_script/9JPzfTgL">Gupta</a></td><td>11th century</td><td>Was used around the turn of the first millennium for writing <a href="/facts/Sanskrit/ychfjhlx">Sanskrit</a></td><td>Bhks</td><td>U+11C00–U+11C6F</td><td>𑰥𑰹𑰎𑰿𑰬𑰲𑰎𑰱</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Buhid_script/Tj8vfrC5">Buhid</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Kawi_script/NXdMWyYz">Kawi</a></td><td>14th century</td><td><a href="/facts/Buhid_language/un745RVD">Buhid language</a></td><td>Buhd</td><td>U+1740–U+175F</td><td>ᝊᝓᝑᝒᝇ</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Mon-Burmese_script/F4lySaxb">Mon-Burmese</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Pallava_script/Lvu7cmIX">Pallava</a></td><td>11th century</td><td><a href="/facts/Burmese_language/1gpcvawX">Burmese language</a>, <a href="/facts/Mon_language/N4tQCxIj">Mon language</a>, numerous modifications for other languages including <a href="/facts/Chakma_language/m3N8LbBW">Chakma</a>, Eastern and Western <a href="/facts/Pwo_Karen/e4tQDlaE">Pwo Karen</a>, Geba Karen, Kayah, <a href="/facts/Palaung_language/DbFYsdhX">Rumai Palaung</a>, <a href="/facts/S%2527gaw_Karen_language/0a79fbl2">S'gaw Karen</a>, <a href="/facts/Shan_language/usz5GGCG">Shan</a></td><td>Mymr</td><td>U+1000–U+109F, U+A9E0–U+A9FF, U+AA60–U+AA7F, U+116D0–U116FF</td><td>မြန်မာအက္ခရာ</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Chakma_alphabet/BoRN4IQv">Chakma</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Burmese_alphabet/LY1bLCCP">Burmese</a></td><td>8th century</td><td><a href="/facts/Chakma_language/m3N8LbBW">Chakma language</a></td><td>Cakm</td><td>U+11100–U+1114F</td><td>𑄌𑄋𑄴𑄟𑄳𑄦</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Cham_script/v5p0gyxJ">Cham</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Pallava_script/Lvu7cmIX">Pallava</a></td><td>8th century</td><td><a href="/facts/Cham_language/YI3TaPg2">Cham language</a></td><td>Cham</td><td>U+AA00–U+AA5F</td><td>ꨌꩌ</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Devanagari/dQvQ3Ufs">Devanagari</a></td><td><a href="/facts/N%25C4%2581gar%25C4%25AB_script/ANaDXAnE">Nagari</a></td><td>13th century</td><td>Several <a href="/facts/Indo-Aryan_languages/hm2N7fYp">Indo-Aryan languages</a> (<a href="/facts/Konkani_language/mjEpS7Ly">Konkani</a>, <a href="/facts/Marathi_language/uIJuwlFW">Marathi</a>, <a href="/facts/Hindi/n1QIEeCC">Hindi</a>, <a href="/facts/Sanskrit/ychfjhlx">Sanskrit</a>, <a href="/facts/Nepali_language/TSC8VdAw">Nepali</a>, <a href="/facts/Bhili_language/rWTWtw4k">Bhili</a>, <a href="/facts/Sindhi_language/fQFk8mVz">Sindhi</a>, <a href="/facts/Gujarati_Language/kGKRRbwe">Gujarati</a> etc), <a href="/facts/Sino-Tibetan_languages/kfdM7pTx">Sino-Tibetan languages</a> (<a href="/facts/Bodo_language/GXSATmme">Bodo</a>, <a href="/facts/Nepal_Bhasa/cqgwroR9">Nepal Bhasa</a>, <a href="/facts/Sherpa_language/o9zcCBMn">Sherpa</a> etc.), <a href="/facts/Mundari_language/DJJskvb1">Mundari</a> (<a href="/facts/Austroasiatic_languages/htRcwIvn">Austroasiatic language</a>) and others.</td><td>Deva</td><td>U+0900–U+097F, U+A8E0–U+A8FF, U+11B00–U+11B5F</td><td>देवनागरी</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Dhives_Akuru/awVIaWnR">Dhives Akuru</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Gupta_script/9JPzfTgL">Gupta</a></td><td>Before 6th-8th century</td><td>Was used to write the <a href="/facts/Maldivian_language/ld63l0V9">Maldivian language</a> up until the 20th century.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:87" href="#fn:87"><sup>87</sup></a></td><td>Diak</td><td>U+11900–U+1195F</td><td>𑤞𑥂𑤧𑤭𑥂</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Dogri_script/HNmqPKQY">Dogra</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Takri_script/h8DlbXcc">Takri</a></td><td></td><td>Was used to write <a href="/facts/Dogri_language/NcrAy4QH">Dogri</a>. Dogra script is closely related to Takri.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:88" href="#fn:88"><sup>88</sup></a></td><td>Dogr</td><td>U+11800–U+1184F</td><td>𑠖𑠵𑠌𑠤𑠬</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Grantha_alphabet/V329dYoU">Grantha</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Pallava_script/Lvu7cmIX">Pallava</a></td><td>6th century</td><td>Restricted use in traditional Vedic schools to write <a href="/facts/Sanskrit/ychfjhlx">Sanskrit</a>. Was widely used by Tamil speakers for Sanskrit and the classical language <a href="/facts/Manipravalam/a9cQ1hbg">Manipravalam</a>.</td><td>Gran</td><td>U+11300–U+1137F</td><td>𑌗𑍍𑌰𑌨𑍍𑌥</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Gujarati_script/zbJCS2Rm">Gujarati</a></td><td><a href="/facts/N%25C4%2581gar%25C4%25AB_script/ANaDXAnE">Nagari</a></td><td>17th century</td><td><a href="/facts/Gujarati_language/kGKRRbwe">Gujarati language</a>, <a href="/facts/Kutchi_language/nUfqwm7f">Kutchi language</a></td><td>Gujr</td><td>U+0A80–U+0AFF</td><td>ગુજરાતી લિપિ</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Gunjala_Gondi_Lipi/HAw8BNWq">Gunjala Gondi</a></td><td><i>uncertain</i></td><td>16th century</td><td>Used for writing the Adilabad dialect of the <a href="/facts/Gondi_language/PjzSsWGH">Gondi language</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:89" href="#fn:89"><sup>89</sup></a></td><td>Gong</td><td>U+11D60–U+11DAF</td><td>𑵶𑶍𑶕𑶀𑵵𑶊 𑵶𑶓𑶕𑶂𑶋</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Gurmukhi/u6Nt0z14">Gurmukhi</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Sharada_script/LNUBbo4L">Sharada</a></td><td>16th century</td><td><a href="/facts/Punjabi_language/Dps9vRRe">Punjabi language</a></td><td>Guru</td><td>U+0A00–U+0A7F</td><td> ਗੁਰਮੁਖੀ</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Hanunoo_script/zfUlkY5W">Hanunó'o</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Kawi_script/NXdMWyYz">Kawi</a></td><td>14th century</td><td><a href="/facts/Hanuno%2527o_language/9vyCK0ju">Hanuno'o language</a></td><td>Hano</td><td>U+1720–U+173F</td><td>ᜱᜨᜳᜨᜳᜢ</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Javanese_script/HaMUR9Mw">Javanese</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Kawi_script/NXdMWyYz">Kawi</a></td><td>16th century</td><td><a href="/facts/Javanese_language/la4H713D">Javanese language</a>, <a href="/facts/Sundanese_language/tvI3v8gE">Sundanese language</a>, <a href="/facts/Madurese_language/5FGJF1V9">Madurese language</a></td><td>Java</td><td>U+A980–U+A9DF</td><td>ꦄꦏ꧀ꦱꦫꦗꦮ</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Kaithi/F5ohrMDs">Kaithi</a></td><td><a href="/facts/N%25C4%2581gar%25C4%25AB_script/ANaDXAnE">Nagari</a></td><td>16th century</td><td>Historically used for writing legal, administrative, and private records.</td><td>Kthi</td><td>U+11080–U+110CF</td><td>𑂍𑂶𑂟𑂲</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Kannada_script/LUbwH0pS">Kannada</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Telugu-Kannada_alphabet/nuHQnp7s">Telugu-Kannada</a></td><td>Around 4th-6th century</td><td>Sanskrit, Kannada, Konkani, Tulu, Badaga, Kodava, Beary, others</td><td>Knda</td><td>U+0C80–U+0CFF</td><td>ಕನ್ನಡ ಅಕ್ಷರಮಾಲೆ</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Kawi_script/NXdMWyYz">Kawi</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Pallava_script/Lvu7cmIX">Pallava</a></td><td>8th century</td><td>Kawi was found primarily in <a href="/facts/Java/2MNA2rLm">Java</a> and used across much of <a href="/facts/Maritime_Southeast_Asia/8Jk7HBF6">Maritime Southeast Asia</a> between the 8th century and the 16th century.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:90" href="#fn:90"><sup>90</sup></a></td><td>Kawi</td><td>U+11F00–U+11F5F</td><td>𑼒𑼮𑼶</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Khmer_script/al76EeT6">Khmer</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Pallava_script/Lvu7cmIX">Pallava</a></td><td>11th century</td><td><a href="/facts/Khmer_language/RVR7NyzQ">Khmer language</a></td><td>Khmr</td><td>U+1780–U+17FF, U+19E0–U+19FF</td><td>អក្សរខ្មែរ</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Khojki/CQQJXlCz">Khojki</a></td><td><a href="/facts/La%25E1%25B9%2587%25E1%25B8%258D%25C4%2581_scripts/9yqlNmwa">Landa</a></td><td>16th century</td><td>Some use by <a href="/facts/Isma%2527ilism/e6uySs0b">Ismaili</a> communities. Was used by the <a href="/facts/Khoja/cbvrr5d7">Khoja</a> community for Muslim religious literature.</td><td>Khoj</td><td>U+11200–U+1124F</td><td>𑈉𑈲𑈐𑈈𑈮</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Khudawadi/VqfTDNFe">Khudawadi</a></td><td><a href="/facts/La%25E1%25B9%2587%25E1%25B8%258D%25C4%2581_scripts/9yqlNmwa">Landa</a></td><td>16th century</td><td>Was used by <a href="/facts/Sindhis/JftrQNkl">Sindhi communities</a> for correspondence and business records.</td><td>Sind</td><td>U+112B0–U+112FF</td><td>𑊻𑋩𑋣𑋏𑋠𑋔𑋠𑋏𑋢</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Lao_script/yJC2rshj">Lao</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Khmer_script/al76EeT6">Khmer</a></td><td>14th century</td><td><a href="/facts/Lao_language/Gfwndgl0">Lao language</a>, others</td><td>Laoo</td><td>U+0E80–U+0EFF</td><td>ອັກສອນລາວ</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Lepcha_script/uL2DMzX7">Lepcha</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Tibetan_script/d6SoCnze">Tibetan</a></td><td>8th century</td><td><a href="/facts/Lepcha_language/Ct3Bx7eK">Lepcha language</a></td><td>Lepc</td><td>U+1C00–U+1C4F</td><td>ᰛᰩᰴ</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Limbu_script/JwKrYcrW">Limbu</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Lepcha_script/uL2DMzX7">Lepcha</a></td><td>9th century</td><td><a href="/facts/Limbu_language/BQKUSeTE">Limbu language</a></td><td>Limb</td><td>U+1900–U+194F</td><td>ᤛᤡᤖᤡᤈᤨᤅ</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Lontara_script/nM7GFr0F">Lontara</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Kawi_script/NXdMWyYz">Kawi</a></td><td>17th century</td><td><a href="/facts/Buginese_language/BDuU29NQ">Buginese language</a>, others</td><td>Bugi</td><td>U+1A00–U+1A1F</td><td>ᨒᨚᨈᨑ</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Mahajani/RMV3P5FT">Mahajani</a></td><td><a href="/facts/La%25E1%25B9%2587%25E1%25B8%258D%25C4%2581_scripts/9yqlNmwa">Landa</a></td><td>16th century</td><td>Historically used in northern India for writing accounts and financial records.</td><td>Mahj</td><td>U+11150–U+1117F</td><td>𑅬𑅱𑅛𑅧𑅑</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Makasar_script/jJ0vgE37">Makasar</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Kawi_script/NXdMWyYz">Kawi</a></td><td>17th century</td><td>Was used in <a href="/facts/South_Sulawesi/Wdt7Bcxa">South Sulawesi</a>, Indonesia for writing the <a href="/facts/Makassarese_language/YktIMjMS">Makassarese language</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:91" href="#fn:91"><sup>91</sup></a> Makasar script is also known as "Old Makassarese" or "Makassarese bird script" in English-language scholarly works.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:92" href="#fn:92"><sup>92</sup></a></td><td>Maka</td><td>U+11EE0–U+11EFF</td><td>𑻪𑻢𑻪𑻢</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Malayalam_script/HDsBdkqw">Malayalam</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Grantha_script/V329dYoU">Grantha</a></td><td>12th century</td><td><a href="/facts/Malayalam/YLuvDWd3">Malayalam</a></td><td>Mlym</td><td>U+0D00–U+0D7F</td><td>മലയാളലിപി</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Marchen_script/I5MSDzkB">Marchen</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Tibetan_script/d6SoCnze">Tibetan</a></td><td>7th century</td><td>Was used in the Tibetan <a href="/facts/Bon/CJqQVn5n">Bön</a> tradition to write the extinct <a href="/facts/Zhang-Zhung_language/I5MSDzkB">Zhang-Zhung language</a></td><td>Marc</td><td>U+11C70–U+11CBF</td><td>𑱳𑲁𑱽𑱾𑲌𑱵𑲋𑲱𑱴𑱶𑲱𑲅𑲊𑱱</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Meitei_script/TNYLknDw">Meetei Mayek</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Tibetan_script/d6SoCnze">Tibetan</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:93" href="#fn:93"><sup>93</sup></a></td><td>6th century<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:94" href="#fn:94"><sup>94</sup></a></td><td>officially used for <a href="/facts/Meitei_language/SwBGUkeR">Meitei language</a> (constitutionally termed as "<a href="/facts/Manipuri_language/SwBGUkeR">Manipuri</a>") in accordance to "The Manipur Official Language (Amendment) Act, 2021"<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:95" href="#fn:95"><sup>95</sup></a></td><td>Mtei</td><td>U+AAE0–U+AAFF, U+ABC0–U+ABFF</td><td>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Modi_alphabet/AATLhhHH">Modi</a></td><td><a href="/facts/N%25C4%2581gar%25C4%25AB_script/ANaDXAnE">Nāgarī</a></td><td>17th century</td><td>Was used to write the <a href="/facts/Marathi_language/uIJuwlFW">Marathi language</a></td><td>Modi</td><td>U+11600–U+1165F</td><td>𑘦𑘻𑘚𑘲</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Multani_alphabet/fSo5o8yC">Multani</a></td><td><a href="/facts/La%25E1%25B9%2587%25E1%25B8%258D%25C4%2581_scripts/9yqlNmwa">Landa</a></td><td></td><td>Was used to write the <a href="/facts/Multani_language/3l3Mufc0">Multani language</a></td><td>Mult</td><td>U+11280–U+112AF</td><td>𑊠𑊣𑊖𑊚</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Nandinagari/cYAtsh1m">Nandinagari</a></td><td><a href="/facts/N%25C4%2581gar%25C4%25AB_script/ANaDXAnE">Nāgarī</a></td><td>7th century</td><td>Historically used to write Sanskrit in southern India</td><td>Nand</td><td>U+119A0–U+119FF</td><td>𑧁𑧞𑦿𑧒𑧁𑧑𑦰𑧈𑧓</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/New_Tai_Lue_alphabet/Ajs1xVJl">New Tai Lue</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Tai_Tham_script/LU4CcUf9">Tai Tham</a></td><td>1950s</td><td><a href="/facts/Tai_L%25C3%25BC_language/XPXxDYkt">Tai Lü language</a></td><td>Talu</td><td>U+1980–U+19DF</td><td>ᦟᦲᧅᦷᦎᦺᦑ</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Odia_script/05jEzRTV">Odia</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Siddha%25E1%25B9%2583_script/McxAxntx">Siddhaṃ</a></td><td>13th century</td><td><a href="/facts/Odia_language/RCSkWVSf">Odia language</a></td><td>Orya</td><td>U+0B00–U+0B7F</td><td>ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଅକ୍ଷର</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/%25CA%25BCPhags-pa_script/YUtC0W72">ʼPhags-pa</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Tibetan_script/d6SoCnze">Tibetan</a></td><td>13th century</td><td>Historically used during the Mongol <a href="/facts/Yuan_dynasty/mQl0o0XN">Yuan dynasty</a>.</td><td>Phag</td><td>U+A840–U+A87F</td><td>ꡖꡍꡂꡛ ꡌ</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Prachalit_Nepal_script/sxYvLyG2">Prachalit</a> (Newa)</td><td><a href="/facts/Nepalese_scripts/l4x35REk">Nepal</a></td><td></td><td>Has been used for writing the <a href="/facts/Sanskrit/ychfjhlx">Sanskrit</a>, <a href="/facts/Nepali_language/TSC8VdAw">Nepali</a>, <a href="/facts/Hindi/n1QIEeCC">Hindi</a>, <a href="/facts/Bengali_language/twpKobqA">Bengali</a>, and <a href="/facts/Maithili_language/Wg2btkFY">Maithili</a> languages</td><td>Newa</td><td>U+11400–U+1147F</td><td>𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐔𑐮𑐶𑐟</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Rejang_script/2KRgbEjy">Rejang</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Kawi_script/NXdMWyYz">Kawi</a></td><td>18th century</td><td><a href="/facts/Rejang_language_(Sumatra)/C1hQnkHh">Rejang language</a>, mostly obsolete</td><td>Rjng</td><td>U+A930–U+A95F</td><td>ꥆꤰ꥓ꤼꤽ ꤽꥍꤺꥏ</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Saurashtra_script/DXporxmk">Saurashtra</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Grantha_script/V329dYoU">Grantha</a></td><td>20th century</td><td><a href="/facts/Saurashtra_language/DguhlpDb">Saurashtra language</a>, mostly obsolete</td><td>Saur</td><td>U+A880–U+A8DF</td><td>ꢱꣃꢬꢵꢰ꣄ꢜ꣄ꢬꢵ</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/%25C5%259A%25C4%2581rad%25C4%2581_script/LNUBbo4L">Sharada</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Gupta_script/9JPzfTgL">Gupta</a></td><td>8th century</td><td>Was used for writing <a href="/facts/Sanskrit/ychfjhlx">Sanskrit</a> and <a href="/facts/Kashmiri_language/b35X0L3H">Kashmiri</a></td><td>Shrd</td><td>U+11180–U+111DF</td><td>𑆯𑆳𑆫𑆢𑆳</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Siddha%25E1%25B9%2583_script/McxAxntx">Siddham</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Gupta_script/9JPzfTgL">Gupta</a></td><td>7th century</td><td>Was used for writing <a href="/facts/Sanskrit/ychfjhlx">Sanskrit</a></td><td>Sidd</td><td>U+11580–U+115FF</td><td>𑖭𑖰𑖟𑖿𑖠𑖽</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Sinhala_script/2ynWA0GY">Sinhala</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Brahmi_script/Bflxwzu6">Brahmi</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:96" href="#fn:96"><sup>96</sup></a></td><td>4th century<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:97" href="#fn:97"><sup>97</sup></a></td><td><a href="/facts/Sinhala_language/qfPUFGYS">Sinhala language</a></td><td>Sinh</td><td>U+0D80–U+0DFF, U+111E0–U+111FF</td><td>ශුද්ධ සිංහල</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Sundanese_alphabet/SdBEctgL">Sundanese</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Kawi_script/NXdMWyYz">Kawi</a></td><td>14th century</td><td><a href="/facts/Sundanese_language/tvI3v8gE">Sundanese language</a></td><td>Sund</td><td>U+1B80–U+1BBF, U+1CC0–U+1CCF</td><td>ᮃᮊ᮪ᮞᮛ ᮞᮥᮔ᮪ᮓ</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Sylheti_Nagari/gTKqzhD1">Sylheti Nagari</a></td><td><a href="/facts/N%25C4%2581gar%25C4%25AB_script/ANaDXAnE">Nagari</a></td><td>16th century</td><td>Historically used for writing the <a href="/facts/Sylheti_language/dNAe8qmy">Sylheti language</a></td><td>Sylo</td><td>U+A800–U+A82F</td><td>ꠍꠤꠟꠐꠤ ꠘꠣꠉꠞꠤ</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Tagbanwa_script/yoGlChxq">Tagbanwa</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Kawi_script/NXdMWyYz">Kawi</a></td><td>14th century</td><td>Various languages of <a href="/facts/Palawan/jun0la0I">Palawan</a>, nearly extinct</td><td>Tagb</td><td>U+1760–U+177F</td><td>ᝦᝪᝨᝯ</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Tai_Le_script/XFoug4QA">Tai Le</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Mon_language/N4tQCxIj">Mon</a></td><td>13th century</td><td><a href="/facts/Tai_N%25C3%25BCa_language/g28QoJF3">Tai Nüa language</a></td><td>Tale</td><td>U+1950–U+197F</td><td>ᥖᥭᥰᥖᥬᥳᥑᥨᥒᥰ</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Tai_Tham_alphabet/LU4CcUf9">Tai Tham</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Mon_language/N4tQCxIj">Mon</a></td><td>13th century</td><td><a href="/facts/Northern_Thai_language/SCkfDjks">Northern Thai language</a>, <a href="/facts/Tai_L%25C3%25BC_language/XPXxDYkt">Tai Lü language</a>, <a href="/facts/Kh%25C3%25BCn_language/94eWzN9X">Khün language</a></td><td>Lana</td><td>U+1A20–U+1AAF</td><td>ᨲᩫ᩠ᩅᨾᩮᩬᩥᨦ</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Tai_Viet_script/NdYMjvf0">Tai Viet</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Thai_alphabet/uxnpJWg9">Thai</a></td><td>16th century</td><td><a href="/facts/Tai_Dam_language/vfUjRqTb">Tai Dam language</a></td><td>Tavt</td><td>U+AA80–U+AADF</td><td>ꪼꪕꪒꪾ</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Takri_alphabet/h8DlbXcc">Takri</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Sharada_script/LNUBbo4L">Sharada</a></td><td>16th century</td><td>Was used for writing <a href="/facts/Mandeali_language/MSCswVc1">Chambeali</a>, and other languages</td><td>Takr</td><td>U+11680–U+116CF</td><td>𑚔𑚭𑚊𑚤𑚯</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Tamil_script/QAEV8dJ5">Tamil</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Pallava_script/Lvu7cmIX">Pallava</a></td><td>2nd century</td><td><a href="/facts/Tamil_language/7I0lHL0d">Tamil language</a></td><td>Taml</td><td>U+0B80–U+0BFF, U+11FC0–U+11FFF</td><td>தமிழ் அரிச்சுவடி</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Telugu_script/GzUHyXLb">Telugu</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Telugu-Kannada_alphabet/nuHQnp7s">Telugu-Kannada</a></td><td>5th century</td><td><a href="/facts/Telugu_language/yV5dQWhw">Telugu language</a></td><td>Telu</td><td>U+0C00–U+0C7F</td><td>తెలుగు లిపి</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Thai_alphabet/uxnpJWg9">Thai</a></td><td>Old Khmer</td><td>13th century</td><td><a href="/facts/Thai_language/PnaLdG77">Thai language</a></td><td>Thai</td><td>U+0E00–U+0E7F</td><td>อักษรไทย</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Tibetan_script/d6SoCnze">Tibetan</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Gupta_script/9JPzfTgL">Gupta</a></td><td>8th century</td><td><a href="/facts/Classical_Tibetan/Afbuhfh6">Classical Tibetan</a>, <a href="/facts/Dzongkha/WUEVgmHT">Dzongkha</a>, <a href="/facts/Ladakhi_language/rXnyBe64">Ladakhi language</a></td><td>Tibt</td><td>U+0F00–U+0FFF</td><td>བོད་ཡིག་</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Tigalari_script/wawmVvNQ">Tigalari/Tulu</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Grantha_script/V329dYoU">Grantha</a></td><td>9th century</td><td><a href="/facts/Tulu_language/oast8Tkb">Tulu</a>, <a href="/facts/Kannada/cooJ3trn">Kannada</a>, and <a href="/facts/Sanskrit/ychfjhlx">Sanskrit</a></td><td>Tutg</td><td>U+11380–U113FF</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Tirhuta/eALHAv9f">Tirhuta</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Siddha%25E1%25B9%2583_script/McxAxntx">Siddham</a></td><td>13th century</td><td>Historically used for the <a href="/facts/Maithili_language/Wg2btkFY">Maithili language</a></td><td>Tirh</td><td>U+11480–U+114DF</td><td>𑒞𑒱𑒩𑒯𑒳𑒞𑒰</td></tr></tbody></table> <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Devanagari_transliteration/N1NFy5A4">Devanagari transliteration</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/International_Alphabet_of_Sanskrit_Transliteration/pkGIHRcw">International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/National_Library_at_Kolkata_romanisation/94tW9T6I">National Library at Kolkata romanisation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/facts/Bharati_Braille/t2Maxx16">Bharati Braille</a>, the unified braille assignments of Indian languages</li> <li><a href="/facts/Indus_script/HTwS3ruS">Indus script</a> – symbols produced by the <a href="/facts/Indus_Valley_Civilisation/6xM4aK23">Indus Valley Civilisation</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Indian_Script_Code_for_Information_Interchange/PY17u4VI">Indian Script Code for Information Interchange</a> (ISCII) – the coding scheme specifically designed to represent Indic scripts</li></ul> <h2 id="external-links">External links</h2> Wikimedia Commons has media related to Brahmic scripts. <ul><li><a href="http://www.virtualvinodh.com/aksharamukha">Online Tool which supports Conversion between various Brahmic Scripts</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051224070409/http://www.bhashaindia.com/developers/MSTech/indicsupport/index.aspx">Windows Indic Script Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://r12a.github.io/scripts/indic-overview/">An Introduction to Indic Scripts</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.ancientscripts.com/sa_ws.html">South Asian Writing Systems</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.languagetype.com">Enhanced Indic Transliterator</a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170408171405/http://www.languagetype.com/">Archived</a> 8 April 2017 at the <a href="/facts/Wayback_Machine/nmQ3a6JC">Wayback Machine</a> Transliterate from romanised script to Indian Languages.</li> <li><a href="http://vikku.info/indian-language-unicode-converter/index.html">Indian Transliterator</a> A means to transliterate from romanised to Unicode Indian scripts.</li> <li><a href="http://brahmiscript.googlepages.com/">Imperial Brahmi Font and Text-Editor</a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090826052400/http://brahmiscript.googlepages.com/">Archived</a> 26 August 2009 at the <a href="/facts/Wayback_Machine/nmQ3a6JC">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.omniglot.com/writing/brahmi.htm/">Brahmi Script</a></li> <li><a href="http://kbcs.in/projects.html">Xlit: Tool for Transliteration between English and Indian Languages</a></li> <li><a href="http://padma.mozdev.org/">Padma: Transformer for Indic Scripts</a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191001172317/http://padma.mozdev.org/">Archived</a> 1 October 2019 at the <a href="/facts/Wayback_Machine/nmQ3a6JC">Wayback Machine</a> – a <a href="/facts/Firefox/xez2zv8H">Firefox</a> add-on</li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Frellesvig, Bjarke (2010). A History of the Japanese Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 177–178. ISBN 978-0-521-65320-6. <a href="978-0-521-65320-6" target="_blank">978-0-521-65320-6</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Frellesvig, Bjarke (2010). A History of the Japanese Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 177–178. ISBN 978-0-521-65320-6. <a href="978-0-521-65320-6" target="_blank">978-0-521-65320-6</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Court, C. (1996). Introduction. In P. T. Daniels & W. Bright (Eds.) The World's Writing Systems (pp. 443). Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Court, C. (1996). The spread of Brahmi Script into Southeast Asia. In P. T. Daniels & W. Bright (Eds.) The World's Writing Systems (pp. 445–449). Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>This list tries to include characters of same origins, not same sounds. In Bengali র is pronounced as rô but it is originally va which is still used for wa sound in Mithilakshar and modern Assamese ৱ (wabbô) was derived from middle Assamese র (wô). Compare with জ (ja) য (ya) and য় (ẏ) which are pronounced as jô, jô and e̯ô in Bengali and zô, zô and yô in Assamese respectively. য is related to Devanagari य (ya) and it is still pronounced as "ya" in Mithilakshar. Since their sounds shifted, the dots were added to keep the original sounds. <a href="/wiki/Bengali_alphabet" target="_blank">/wiki/Bengali_alphabet</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>Letter used in Balti. <a href="/wiki/Balti_language" target="_blank">/wiki/Balti_language</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>includes supplementary consonants not in contemporary use <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>inherent vowel is ā <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>Modified forms of these letters are or were used for distinctions made in local language; these distinctions are not made for Sanskrit and Pali. <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>Modified forms of these letters are or were used for distinctions made in local language; these distinctions are not made for Sanskrit and Pali. <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>Modified forms of these letters are or were used for distinctions made in local language; these distinctions are not made for Sanskrit and Pali. <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:12"><p>Modified forms of these letters are or were used for distinctions made in local language; these distinctions are not made for Sanskrit and Pali. <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:13"><p>Modified forms of these letters are or were used for distinctions made in local language; these distinctions are not made for Sanskrit and Pali. <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:14"><p>Modified forms of these letters are or were used for distinctions made in local language; these distinctions are not made for Sanskrit and Pali. <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:15"><p>Modified forms of these letters are or were used for distinctions made in local language; these distinctions are not made for Sanskrit and Pali. <a href="#fnref:15" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:16"><p>Modified forms of these letters are or were used for distinctions made in local language; these distinctions are not made for Sanskrit and Pali. <a href="#fnref:16" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:17"><p>Modified forms of these letters are or were used for distinctions made in local language; these distinctions are not made for Sanskrit and Pali. <a href="#fnref:17" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:18"><p>Modified forms of these letters are or were used for distinctions made in local language; these distinctions are not made for Sanskrit and Pali. <a href="#fnref:18" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:19"><p>Modified forms of these letters are or were used for distinctions made in local language; these distinctions are not made for Sanskrit and Pali. <a href="#fnref:19" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:20"><p>Modified forms of these letters are or were used for distinctions made in local language; these distinctions are not made for Sanskrit and Pali. <a href="#fnref:20" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:21"><p>Modified forms of these letters are or were used for distinctions made in local language; these distinctions are not made for Sanskrit and Pali. <a href="#fnref:21" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:22"><p>Modified forms of these letters are or were used for distinctions made in local language; these distinctions are not made for Sanskrit and Pali. <a href="#fnref:22" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:23"><p>Modified forms of these letters are or were used for distinctions made in local language; these distinctions are not made for Sanskrit and Pali. <a href="#fnref:23" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:24"><p>Modified forms of these letters are or were used for distinctions made in local language; these distinctions are not made for Sanskrit and Pali. <a href="#fnref:24" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:25"><p>Modified forms of these letters are or were used for distinctions made in Thai; these distinctions are not made for Sanskrit and Pali in the Thai script. <a href="#fnref:25" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:26"><p>Modified forms of these letters are or were used for distinctions made in Thai; these distinctions are not made for Sanskrit and Pali in the Thai script. <a href="#fnref:26" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:27"><p>Modified forms of these letters are or were used for distinctions made in Thai; these distinctions are not made for Sanskrit and Pali in the Thai script. <a href="#fnref:27" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:28"><p>Modified forms of these letters are or were used for distinctions made in Thai; these distinctions are not made for Sanskrit and Pali in the Thai script. <a href="#fnref:28" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:29"><p>Modified forms of these letters are or were used for distinctions made in Thai; these distinctions are not made for Sanskrit and Pali in the Thai script. <a href="#fnref:29" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:30"><p>Modified forms of these letters are or were used for distinctions made in Thai; these distinctions are not made for Sanskrit and Pali in the Thai script. <a href="#fnref:30" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:31"><p>Modified forms of these letters are or were used for distinctions made in Thai; these distinctions are not made for Sanskrit and Pali in the Thai script. <a href="#fnref:31" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:32"><p>Modified forms of these letters are or were used for distinctions made in Thai; these distinctions are not made for Sanskrit and Pali in the Thai script. <a href="#fnref:32" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:33"><p>Modified forms of these letters are or were used for distinctions made in Thai; these distinctions are not made for Sanskrit and Pali in the Thai script. <a href="#fnref:33" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:34"><p>These letters are obsolete, but were used mainly for Sanskrit and Pali in the Lao script. <a href="#fnref:34" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:35"><p>These letters are obsolete, but were used mainly for Sanskrit and Pali in the Lao script. <a href="#fnref:35" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:36"><p>These letters are obsolete, but were used mainly for Sanskrit and Pali in the Lao script. <a href="#fnref:36" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:37"><p>These letters are obsolete, but were used mainly for Sanskrit and Pali in the Lao script. <a href="#fnref:37" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:38"><p>These letters are obsolete, but were used mainly for Sanskrit and Pali in the Lao script. <a href="#fnref:38" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:39"><p>These letters are obsolete, but were used mainly for Sanskrit and Pali in the Lao script. <a href="#fnref:39" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:40"><p>These letters are obsolete, but were used mainly for Sanskrit and Pali in the Lao script. <a href="#fnref:40" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:41"><p>These letters are obsolete, but were used mainly for Sanskrit and Pali in the Lao script. <a href="#fnref:41" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:42"><p>These letters are obsolete, but were used mainly for Sanskrit and Pali in the Lao script. <a href="#fnref:42" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:43"><p>These letters are obsolete, but were used mainly for Sanskrit and Pali in the Lao script. <a href="#fnref:43" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:44"><p>These letters are obsolete, but were used mainly for Sanskrit and Pali in the Lao script. <a href="#fnref:44" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:45"><p>These letters are obsolete, but were used mainly for Sanskrit and Pali in the Lao script. <a href="#fnref:45" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:46"><p>These letters are obsolete, but were used mainly for Sanskrit and Pali in the Lao script. <a href="#fnref:46" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:47"><p>These letters are obsolete, but were used mainly for Sanskrit and Pali in the Lao script. <a href="#fnref:47" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:48"><p>Letters used in Old Javanese. They are now obsolete, but are used for honorifics in contemporary Javanese. <a href="/wiki/Old_Javanese" target="_blank">/wiki/Old_Javanese</a> <a href="#fnref:48" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:49"><p>Letters used in Old Javanese. They are now obsolete, but are used for honorifics in contemporary Javanese. <a href="/wiki/Old_Javanese" target="_blank">/wiki/Old_Javanese</a> <a href="#fnref:49" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:50"><p>Letters used in Old Javanese. They are now obsolete, but are used for honorifics in contemporary Javanese. <a href="/wiki/Old_Javanese" target="_blank">/wiki/Old_Javanese</a> <a href="#fnref:50" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:51"><p>Letters used in Old Javanese. They are now obsolete, but are used for honorifics in contemporary Javanese. <a href="/wiki/Old_Javanese" target="_blank">/wiki/Old_Javanese</a> <a href="#fnref:51" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:52"><p>Letters used in Old Javanese. They are now obsolete, but are used for honorifics in contemporary Javanese. <a href="/wiki/Old_Javanese" target="_blank">/wiki/Old_Javanese</a> <a href="#fnref:52" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:53"><p>Letters used in Old Javanese. They are now obsolete, but are used for honorifics in contemporary Javanese. <a href="/wiki/Old_Javanese" target="_blank">/wiki/Old_Javanese</a> <a href="#fnref:53" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:54"><p>Letters used in Old Javanese. They are now obsolete, but are used for honorifics in contemporary Javanese. <a href="/wiki/Old_Javanese" target="_blank">/wiki/Old_Javanese</a> <a href="#fnref:54" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:55"><p>Letters used in Old Javanese. They are now obsolete, but are used for honorifics in contemporary Javanese. <a href="/wiki/Old_Javanese" target="_blank">/wiki/Old_Javanese</a> <a href="#fnref:55" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:56"><p>Letters used in Old Javanese. They are now obsolete, but are used for honorifics in contemporary Javanese. <a href="/wiki/Old_Javanese" target="_blank">/wiki/Old_Javanese</a> <a href="#fnref:56" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:57"><p>Letters used in Old Javanese. They are now obsolete, but are used for honorifics in contemporary Javanese. <a href="/wiki/Old_Javanese" target="_blank">/wiki/Old_Javanese</a> <a href="#fnref:57" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:58"><p>Letters used in Old Javanese. They are now obsolete, but are used for honorifics in contemporary Javanese. <a href="/wiki/Old_Javanese" target="_blank">/wiki/Old_Javanese</a> <a href="#fnref:58" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:59"><p>Letters used in Old Javanese. They are now obsolete, but are used for honorifics in contemporary Javanese. <a href="/wiki/Old_Javanese" target="_blank">/wiki/Old_Javanese</a> <a href="#fnref:59" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:60"><p>Letters used in Old Javanese. They are now obsolete, but are used for honorifics in contemporary Javanese. <a href="/wiki/Old_Javanese" target="_blank">/wiki/Old_Javanese</a> <a href="#fnref:60" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:61"><p>Letters used in Old Javanese. They are now obsolete, but are used for honorifics in contemporary Javanese. <a href="/wiki/Old_Javanese" target="_blank">/wiki/Old_Javanese</a> <a href="#fnref:61" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:62"><p>Invented new character to represent the Arabic letter خ. <a href="/wiki/%D8%AE" target="_blank">/wiki/%D8%AE</a> <a href="#fnref:62" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:63"><p>Letter used in Old Sundanese. It is now obsolete. <a href="/wiki/Old_Sundanese" target="_blank">/wiki/Old_Sundanese</a> <a href="#fnref:63" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:64"><p>Invented new character. Actually to represent the Arabic letter ش, which has similar pronunciation with śa. <a href="/wiki/%D8%B4" target="_blank">/wiki/%D8%B4</a> <a href="#fnref:64" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:65"><p>Letters for r̥̄, l̥, l̥̄ and a few others are obsolete or very rarely used. <a href="#fnref:65" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:66"><p>Letters for r̥̄, l̥, l̥̄ and a few others are obsolete or very rarely used. <a href="#fnref:66" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:67"><p>Letters for r̥̄, l̥, l̥̄ and a few others are obsolete or very rarely used. <a href="#fnref:67" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:68"><p>includes supplementary vowels not in contemporary use <a href="#fnref:68" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:69"><p>Tibetan, Lepcha, Limbu, New Tai Lue, Thai and Lao scripts do not have independent vowel forms. For syllables starting with a vowel sound, a "zero" consonant (ཨ, อ or ອ respectively) is used to represent the glottal stop /ʔ/. <a href="#fnref:69" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:70"><p>Tibetan, Lepcha, Limbu, New Tai Lue, Thai and Lao scripts do not have independent vowel forms. For syllables starting with a vowel sound, a "zero" consonant (ཨ, อ or ອ respectively) is used to represent the glottal stop /ʔ/. <a href="#fnref:70" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:71"><p>Tibetan, Lepcha, Limbu, New Tai Lue, Thai and Lao scripts do not have independent vowel forms. For syllables starting with a vowel sound, a "zero" consonant (ཨ, อ or ອ respectively) is used to represent the glottal stop /ʔ/. <a href="#fnref:71" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:72"><p>Tibetan, Lepcha, Limbu, New Tai Lue, Thai and Lao scripts do not have independent vowel forms. For syllables starting with a vowel sound, a "zero" consonant (ཨ, อ or ອ respectively) is used to represent the glottal stop /ʔ/. <a href="#fnref:72" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:73"><p>When used to write their own languages, Khmer can have either an a or an o as the inherent vowel, following the rules of its orthography. <a href="#fnref:73" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:74"><p>Tibetan, Lepcha, Limbu, New Tai Lue, Thai and Lao scripts do not have independent vowel forms. For syllables starting with a vowel sound, a "zero" consonant (ཨ, อ or ອ respectively) is used to represent the glottal stop /ʔ/. <a href="#fnref:74" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:75"><p>Tibetan, Lepcha, Limbu, New Tai Lue, Thai and Lao scripts do not have independent vowel forms. For syllables starting with a vowel sound, a "zero" consonant (ཨ, อ or ອ respectively) is used to represent the glottal stop /ʔ/. <a href="#fnref:75" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:76"><p>Letters used in Old Sundanese. They are now obsolete. <a href="#fnref:76" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:77"><p>Letters used in Old Sundanese. They are now obsolete. <a href="#fnref:77" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:78"><p>Letters used in Old Sundanese. They are now obsolete. <a href="#fnref:78" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:79"><p>Letters used in Old Sundanese. They are now obsolete. <a href="#fnref:79" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:80"><p>Mongolian numerals are derived from Tibetan numerals and used in conjunction with the Mongolian and Clear script <a href="#fnref:80" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:81"><p>for everyday use <a href="#fnref:81" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:82"><p>for liturgical use <a href="#fnref:82" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:83"><p>Sproat, Richard (20 July 2006). "Brahmi-derived scripts, script layout, and segmental awareness". Written Language and Literacy. 9 (1): 45–66. doi:10.1075/wll.9.1.05spr. ISSN 1387-6732. <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1075/wll.9.1.05spr" target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.1075/wll.9.1.05spr</a> <a href="#fnref:83" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:84"><p>Sproat, Richard (20 July 2006). "Brahmi-derived scripts, script layout, and segmental awareness". Written Language and Literacy. 9 (1): 45–66. doi:10.1075/wll.9.1.05spr. ISSN 1387-6732. <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1075/wll.9.1.05spr" target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.1075/wll.9.1.05spr</a> <a href="#fnref:84" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:85"><p>Terwiel; Khamdaengyodtai (2003). Shan Manuscripts, Part 1. p. 13. <a href="#fnref:85" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:86"><p>"GAZETTE TITLE: The Manipur Official Language (Amendment) Act, 2021". manipurgovtpress.nic.in. <a href="http://manipurgovtpress.nic.in/en/details_gazzete/?gazette=658" target="_blank">http://manipurgovtpress.nic.in/en/details_gazzete/?gazette=658</a> <a href="#fnref:86" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:87"><p>Pandey, Anshuman (23 January 2018). "L2/18-016R: Proposal to encode Dives Akuru in Unicode" (PDF). <a href="https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2018/18016r-dives-akuru.pdf" target="_blank">https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2018/18016r-dives-akuru.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:87" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:88"><p>Pandey, Anshuman (4 November 2015). "L2/15-234R: Proposal to encode the Dogra script" (PDF). <a href="https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2015/15234r-dogra.pdf" target="_blank">https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2015/15234r-dogra.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:88" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:89"><p>"Chapter 13: South and Central Asia-II" (PDF). The Unicode Standard, Version 11.0. Mountain View, California: Unicode, Inc. June 2018. ISBN 978-1-936213-19-1. <a href="978-1-936213-19-1" target="_blank">978-1-936213-19-1</a> <a href="#fnref:89" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:90"><p>Aditya Bayu Perdana and Ilham Nurwansah 2020. Proposal to encode Kawi <a href="https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2020/20284r-kawi.pdf" target="_blank">https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2020/20284r-kawi.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:90" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:91"><p>"Chapter 17: Indonesia and Oceania" (PDF). The Unicode Standard, Version 11.0. Mountain View, California: Unicode, Inc. June 2018. ISBN 978-1-936213-19-1. <a href="978-1-936213-19-1" target="_blank">978-1-936213-19-1</a> <a href="#fnref:91" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:92"><p>Pandey, Anshuman (2 November 2015). "L2/15-233: Proposal to encode the Makasar script in Unicode" (PDF). <a href="https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2015/15233-makasar.pdf" target="_blank">https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2015/15233-makasar.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:92" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:93"><p>Chelliah, Shobhana Lakshmi (1997). A Grammar of Meithei. De Gruyter. p. 355. ISBN 3-11-014321-6. In the classification of scripts provided by K. S. Singh and Manoharan ..., Meithei Mayek is part of the Tibetan group of scripts, which originated from the Gupta Brahmi script <a href="3-11-014321-6" target="_blank">3-11-014321-6</a> <a href="#fnref:93" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:94"><p>Datta, Amaresh (1987). Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature. Sahitya Akademi. p. 142. ISBN 978-81-260-1803-1. The coins of Urakonthauba (568-653) and Ayangba (821-910) in the Mutua Museum, Imphal bear evidence of early existence of old Manipuri alphabet. <a href="978-81-260-1803-1" target="_blank">978-81-260-1803-1</a> <a href="#fnref:94" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:95"><p>"GAZETTE TITLE: The Manipur Official Language (Amendment) Act, 2021". manipurgovtpress.nic.in. <a href="http://manipurgovtpress.nic.in/en/details_gazzete/?gazette=658" target="_blank">http://manipurgovtpress.nic.in/en/details_gazzete/?gazette=658</a> <a href="#fnref:95" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:96"><p>Salomon, Richard G. (1996). "Brahmi and Kharoshthi". In Daniels, Peter T.; Bright, William (eds.). The World's Writing Systems. Oxford University Press. p. 379. ISBN 0-19-507993-0. <a href="0-19-507993-0" target="_blank">0-19-507993-0</a> <a href="#fnref:96" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:97"><p>Diringer, David (1948). Alphabet a key to the history of mankind. p. 389. <a href="#fnref:97" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>