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Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys
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<h2 id="survey-tools">Survey tools</h2> <p>At the core of MICS is the list of indicators. In MICS6 this was a compilation of 200 distinct indicators (237 counting those requiring sex disaggregate).<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a> The list was not inclusive of all standard tabulations produced in a full survey, but forms those that were central to global monitoring by UNICEF and others. The list of indicators has been a central message in all rounds of MICS, as no question is asked in the questionnaires without directly contributing to an indicator algorithm or a background variable. Thus, survey-specific additional questions are always suggested to follow the same guidelines: No question should be asked without a clear plan for tabulation of results. </p> <h3>Questionnaires</h3> <p>The MICS <a href="/facts/Questionnaires/15o4lgqm">questionnaires</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a> are: </p> <ul><li>Household, administered to any knowledgeable adult member of the household (in MICS1–MICS3 this was to the head of household).</li> <li>Women, administered to all eligible women (age 15–49) of the household.</li> <li>Children under age five, administered to their mothers. If the mother is not listed as a member of the household, a primary caregiver is identified as the respondent to this questionnaire.</li> <li>As of 2011, a questionnaire for men (age 15–49) has also been developed and is included in the generic set of questionnaires.</li> <li>As of MICS6, a questionnaire for children age 5–17, administered to the mother of a randomly selected child per household.</li></ul> <p>In MICS, the generic questionnaires include all modules, such that implementers only should remove non-applicable or non-desired modules and questions, e.g., the ITN module in non-malarious countries. </p><p>The full set of generic modules in MICS6 included: Household Questionnaire </p> <ul><li>Household Information Panel</li> <li>List of Household Members</li> <li><a href="/facts/Education/WIwsQKF9">Education</a></li> <li>Household Characteristics</li> <li>Social Transfers</li> <li>Household Energy Use</li> <li><a href="/facts/Insecticide_treated_net/xQXQtv9W">Insecticide Treated Nets</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Drinking_Water/FmSJcKGG">Water</a> and <a href="/facts/Sanitation/NLGqBs2T">Sanitation</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Handwashing/BTgUfoRo">Handwashing</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Salt_Iodisation/VqYHNmW8">Salt Iodisation</a></li> <li>Water Quality (a module, but designed as a separate questionnaire, due to sub-sample selection)</li></ul> <p>Individual Questionnaire for Women </p> <ul><li>Woman's Information Panel</li> <li>Woman's Background</li> <li><a href="/facts/Mass_Media/M1UE4TTp">Mass Media</a> and <a href="/facts/Information_and_communications_technology/wG6q8RfN">ICT</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Fertility/5S7Xull5">Fertility/Birth History</a> (<a href="/facts/Child_mortality/IYl5xCRn">Mortality</a>)</li> <li>Desire for Last <a href="/facts/Birth/1SSk6gMD">Birth</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Maternal_health/yxkP1tnH">Maternal</a> and <a href="/facts/Newborn/gaEL1QL4">Newborn</a> Health</li> <li><a href="/facts/Post-natal/abLj2JtY">Post-Natal</a> Health Checks</li> <li><a href="/facts/Contraception/qCzhxgH8">Contraception</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Family_planning/SwCbJ8Yd">Unmet Need</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Female_Genital_Mutilation/EWETRnVP">Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting</a></li> <li>Attitudes Toward <a href="/facts/Domestic_Violence/GcDSMDBe">Domestic Violence</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Victimology/v8wgAr6z">Victimization</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Marriage/foMxzuxl">Marriage</a>/<a href="/facts/Civil_union/GCmEqweh">Union</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Disability/vr9BPUxo">Adult Functioning</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Human_sexuality/fjnqcFxP">Sexual Behaviour</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/HIV%2fAIDS/RqLIEMuJ">HIV/AIDS</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Maternal_Mortality/UquTVxdf">Maternal Mortality</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Tobacco/bTD4RUPQ">Tobacco</a> and <a href="/facts/Alcohol_(drug)/IeK2fVd5">Alcohol</a> Use</li> <li><a href="/facts/Life_satisfaction/ord3Dm4T">Life Satisfaction</a></li></ul> <p>Questionnaire for Children Under Five </p> <ul><li>Under-five Child Information Panel</li> <li>Under-Five's Background</li> <li><a href="/facts/Birth_registration/wCMHqenn">Birth Registration</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Early_Childhood_Development/Myy826TQ">Early Childhood Development</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Child_discipline/rra0ABLW">Child Discipline</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Disability/vr9BPUxo">Child Functioning</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Breastfeeding/cdWXyYDX">Breastfeeding</a> and Dietary Intake</li> <li><a href="/facts/Immunisation/f2NLoleW">Immunisation</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Malnutrition/KasQy5MR">Anthropometry</a></li></ul> <p>Individual Questionnaire for Men </p> <ul><li>Man's Information Panel</li> <li>Man's Background</li> <li>Access to <a href="/facts/Mass_Media/M1UE4TTp">Mass Media</a> and Use of <a href="/facts/Information_and_communications_technology/wG6q8RfN">ICT</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Fertility/5S7Xull5">Fertility</a></li> <li>Attitudes Toward <a href="/facts/Domestic_Violence/GcDSMDBe">Domestic Violence</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Marriage/foMxzuxl">Marriage</a>/<a href="/facts/Civil_union/GCmEqweh">Union</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Human_sexuality/fjnqcFxP">Sexual Behaviour</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/HIV%2fAIDS/RqLIEMuJ">HIV/AIDS</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Male_circumcision/Ya1aD8H6">Circumcision</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Tobacco/bTD4RUPQ">Tobacco</a> and <a href="/facts/Alcohol_(drug)/IeK2fVd5">Alcohol</a> Use</li> <li><a href="/facts/Life_satisfaction/ord3Dm4T">Life Satisfaction</a></li></ul> <p>Questionnaire for Children Age 5-17 </p> <ul><li>Child's Information Panel</li> <li>Child's Background</li> <li><a href="/facts/Child_Labour/rhdNHpXK">Child Labour</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Child_discipline/rra0ABLW">Child Discipline</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Disability/vr9BPUxo">Child Functioning</a></li> <li>Parental Involvement</li> <li>Foundational Learning Skills</li></ul> <h3>Other tools</h3> <p>The MICS package also includes data entry program (in <a href="/facts/CSPro/t42SHdkS">CSPro</a>) catering for tablet-based data collection on Android or Windows platforms, standard tabulation plan (in <a href="/facts/Microsoft_Excel/Ezal6G75">Excel</a>) and syntax (in <a href="/facts/SPSS/6PGBVUXF">SPSS</a>), workshop training programmes, in-country capacity building and technical assistance, data dissemination templates, as well as various online resources. </p><p>The tools are all compiled on the MICS website, which was launched in a modernised format in mid-2024. </p> <h2 id="current-status">Current status</h2> <p>The 6th round of MICS commenced in October 2016 with the initiation of the Programme's Survey Design Workshops and was scheduled to run to 2021 (this has since been extended to 2022, mainly due to COVID-19 related delays of face-to-face surveys). The content is expanded to cover new priorities, including adjustments to cover approximately half of the survey-based <a href="/facts/Sustainable_Development_Goals/b7lVYvFN">SDG</a> indicators (about 40 of about 80). </p><p>The 6th round's tools were piloted in Costa Rica in mid-2016, and was preceded by a field test of new or refined questionnaire modules and tools for data collection and processing in Belize end of 2015.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a> In November 2017 additional questionnaire modules were tested in Malawi.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a> A similar exercise was conducted in Belize in April 2019.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a> </p><p>The MICS Programme is participating in the methodological development of new data collection tools, such as on water quality testing, child disability, external economic support, and impact of emergencies.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a> A methodological paper series was launched in 2012.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a> </p><p>The programme has been evaluated following rounds 1,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a> 3,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a> and 4.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="funding">Funding</h2> <p>The total cost for MICS3 was about $18.6 million (and about $356,000 per country) according to a 2008 MICS evaluation.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13"><sup>13</sup></a>: 7 </p><p>MICS4 was estimated to cost $31.3 million.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14"><sup>14</sup></a>: 10 </p> <h2 id="countries">Countries</h2> <p>The countries listed below have conducted (or plan to conduct) a MICS survey. Reports and data are available on the MICS website.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:15" href="#fn:15"><sup>15</sup></a> </p> <table><tbody><tr><th></th><th>MICS1</th><th>MICS2</th><th>MICS3</th><th>MICS4</th><th>MICS5</th><th>MICS6</th><th>MICS7</th></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Afghanistan/v63Auu1C">Afghanistan</a></td><td>X</td><td>XS</td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Albania/8GP40BUD">Albania</a></td><td></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Algeria/UXDF4Tj6">Algeria</a></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Angola/PQrYRHMd">Angola</a></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Argentina/aFSA5bAk">Argentina</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Armenia/t3GQx9sU">Armenia</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Azerbaijan/Ho5joRTJ">Azerbaijan</a></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Bahrain/ndXdWPhr">Bahrain</a></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Bangladesh/NXk4f78Y">Bangladesh</a></td><td>XX</td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Barbados/ywYtqmRB">Barbados</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Belarus/vweHwgob">Belarus</a></td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Belize/2xVuhCTt">Belize</a></td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td></td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Benin/G98jPhND">Benin</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Bhutan/fSRsLss9">Bhutan</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Bolivia/YNBoDKKR">Bolivia</a></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina/jNVA1gPB">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></td><td></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>XS</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Botswana/dGw6g94p">Botswana</a></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Burkina_Faso/L3zPAJwx">Burkina Faso</a></td><td>X</td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Burundi/GTNtpIra">Burundi</a></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Cameroon/QnrdY05C">Cameroon</a></td><td></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Central_African_Republic/TKMWWr57">Central African Republic</a></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Chad/KStYoub3">Chad</a></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/China/lTjIXY5p">China</a></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Comoros/b6HkaTRQ">Comoros</a></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo/E2KmHDdv">Democratic Republic of Congo</a></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Republic_of_the_Congo/kNLEWqhl">Congo</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Costa_Rica/baw0GTI1">Costa Rica</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Ivory_Coast/mSSED5Yl">Cote d'Ivoire</a></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Croatia/MSS0yyvw">Croatia</a></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Cuba/vHjTXLPW">Cuba</a></td><td></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/North_Korea/Q41laakP">North Korea</a></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Djibouti/77jY0eII">Djibouti</a></td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Dominican_Republic/u36V3Nsb">Dominican Republic</a></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Egypt/8Ttg0JwB">Egypt</a></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>S</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/El_Salvador/6Plzw4vr">El Salvador</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Equatorial_Guinea/ARkq2P4f">Equatorial Guinea</a></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Eswatini/Mfz58p4W">Eswatini</a></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Ethiopia/LVujNp5v">Ethiopia</a></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Federated_States_of_Micronesia/U9VGo9fh">Federated States of Micronesia</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Fiji/JU8Hs8WH">Fiji</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Gabon/RKDffnwV">Gabon</a></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/The_Gambia/en5tl7Sz">Gambia</a></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td></td><td>X</td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Georgia_(country)/ccBF8bBE">Georgia</a></td><td></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Ghana/IkUw32Ya">Ghana</a></td><td>X</td><td></td><td>XS</td><td>XS</td><td></td><td>X</td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Guatemala/MoMcSnla">Guatemala</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Guinea/MaBu4ysQ">Guinea</a></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Guinea-Bissau/YqJjM4Ex">Guinea-Bissau</a></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Guyana/xxadP7zF">Guyana</a></td><td></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Honduras/75jMlRQ1">Honduras</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/India/QW4TV4sy">India</a></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Indonesia/vQnWU3IW">Indonesia</a></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td></td><td>SS</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Iran/24yukge8">Iran</a></td><td>XX</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Iraq/pqYSFJw8">Iraq</a></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td></td><td>X</td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Jamaica/jeDulmwE">Jamaica</a></td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Kazakhstan/Vfs8NI6e">Kazakhstan</a></td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td></td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Kenya/Y9Ko9pQu">Kenya</a></td><td>S</td><td>X</td><td>S</td><td>SS</td><td>SSS</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Kiribati/jCeCKakL">Kiribati</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Kosovo/lbyzI6UW">Kosovo</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>XS</td><td>XS</td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Kyrgyzstan/MSNdCp8u">Kyrgyzstan</a></td><td>X</td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td>X</td><td>XX</td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Laos/S0afugjX">Laos</a></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td></td><td>XX</td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Lebanon/2dReTXyp">Lebanon</a></td><td></td><td>XS</td><td>S</td><td>S</td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Lesotho/gYSatY8p">Lesotho</a></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Liberia/U99yfl2k">Liberia</a></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Libya/HMPH8PWR">Libya</a></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Madagascar/ez12IAcY">Madagascar</a></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td></td><td>S</td><td></td><td>X</td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Malawi/HTj5q7Wc">Malawi</a></td><td>X</td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Maldives/sC2HeXby">Maldives</a></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Mali/sAaVqV1e">Mali</a></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Mauritania/JcP8EJku">Mauritania</a></td><td>X</td><td></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td></td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Mexico/IT5bwhdh">Mexico</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Moldova/qGBNGewt">Moldova</a></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Mongolia/ogQzUcQb">Mongolia</a></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>XSS</td><td>XSS</td><td>X</td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Montenegro/QynKJrw5">Montenegro</a></td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td>XS</td><td>XS</td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Morocco/6ly8170M">Morocco</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Mozambique/mMWQ80JT">Mozambique</a></td><td>X</td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Myanmar/zcqQH2oE">Myanmar</a></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Nauru/ndT45vaC">Nauru</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Nepal/yWCzTBR2">Nepal</a></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td>S</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Nicaragua/PsyPGXxm">Nicaragua</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Niger/hRbX6MkM">Niger</a></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Nigeria/gbW17BX8">Nigeria</a></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/North_Macedonia/YpfcC5DA">North Macedonia</a></td><td></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>XS</td><td></td><td>XS</td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Oman/yNr7BPbm">Oman</a></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Pakistan/cbIsvJy1">Pakistan</a></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td>SS</td><td>SSSS</td><td>SSSSS</td><td>SSS</td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Palestine/XYeHy1af">Palestine</a></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Panama/GckVVhnp">Panama</a></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Paraguay/sbzfv4Rl">Paraguay</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Philippines/ARpmxXQV">Philippines</a></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Qatar/K4EkNXJE">Qatar</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Rwanda/UKR5UdKy">Rwanda</a></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Saint_Lucia/fEUDuRwb">Saint Lucia</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Samoa/lyQ1B9YV">Samoa</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/S%25C3%25A3o_Tom%25C3%25A9_and_Pr%25C3%25ADncipe/7EbNfgsJ">São Tomé and Príncipe</a></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Saudi_Arabia/uyUpe1J2">Saudi Arabia</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Senegal/PPaRNYJH">Senegal</a></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td>S</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Serbia/U0LVzPdI">Serbia</a></td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td>XS</td><td>XS</td><td>XS</td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Sierra_Leone/gWP9YL0v">Sierra Leone</a></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td></td><td>X</td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Somalia/3wQYwIdS">Somalia</a></td><td>SS</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>SS</td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/South_Sudan/DacJpKfT">South Sudan</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Sudan/yGeaNdvS">Sudan</a></td><td>X</td><td>XS</td><td></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td></td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Suriname/zjwRFBPL">Suriname</a></td><td></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Syria/7pDXGzq8">Syria</a></td><td>X</td><td>XS</td><td>XS</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Tajikistan/xLLXqHEJ">Tajikistan</a></td><td></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Tanzania/MJueJ7E4">Tanzania</a></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Thailand/GCUnN4JK">Thailand</a></td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>XS</td><td>X</td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Togo/mt3MEetg">Togo</a></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Tonga/oX5vwTer">Tonga</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Trinidad_and_Tobago/jTXQP4Fe">Trinidad and Tobago</a></td><td></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Tunisia/4uC8Po6k">Tunisia</a></td><td></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td></td><td>XX</td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Turkey/KIYAWAs0">Turkey</a></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Turkmenistan/YqJ4NvjU">Turkmenistan</a></td><td>X</td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Turks_and_Caicos_Islands/LsEcDYXp">Turks and Caicos Islands</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Tuvalu/d8mLnsM8">Tuvalu</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Ukraine/Qof0uqAj">Ukraine</a></td><td></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Uruguay/X6V0apCb">Uruguay</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Uzbekistan/o8wfw2xR">Uzbekistan</a></td><td></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Vanuatu/ta20UNlL">Vanuatu</a></td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Venezuela/eX1qnkln">Venezuela</a></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Vietnam/0ulfA8Eq">Viet Nam</a></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Yemen/eDyoh4qV">Yemen</a></td><td>X</td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia/PXRlHx9q">Yugoslavia</a></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Zambia/lCnlx5a1">Zambia</a></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Zimbabwe/8Yqt8490">Zimbabwe</a></td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table> <table><tbody><tr><th>Total</th><th>MICS1</th><th>MICS2</th><th>MICS3</th><th>MICS4</th><th>MICS5</th><th>MICS6</th><th>MICS7</th><th>Total</th></tr><tr><td>Surveys</td><td>63</td><td>65</td><td>53</td><td>60</td><td>50</td><td>72</td><td>44</td><td>407</td></tr><tr><td>Countries</td><td>60</td><td>61</td><td>51</td><td>50</td><td>39</td><td>61</td><td>42</td><td>123</td></tr><tr><td>Countries with national surveys</td><td>58</td><td>61</td><td>49</td><td>43</td><td>35</td><td>60</td><td>41</td><td>123</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>X: National Survey S: Sub-national Survey </p><p>Note: Only countries from UNICEF's official list are included. It appears that some surveys are based on the MICS tools, but not included in the list, e.g. Botswana 2007-08 Family Health Survey<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:16" href="#fn:16"><sup>16</sup></a> and Bangladesh 2009 Progotir Pathey (MICS).<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:17" href="#fn:17"><sup>17</sup></a> </p><p>The total number of countries having ever conducted a MICS (or plan to do so) is 123. This includes Yugoslavia, which at the time of MICS1 and MICS2 was the territory now split into Kosovo, Montenegro, and Serbia. In MICS7, five countries are new to the programme: Armenia, The Federated States of Micronesia (FSM), Guatemala, Morocco, and Saudi Arabia. The survey in FSM follows other Pacific nations joining the programme in MICS6: Fiji, Kiribati, Nauru, Samoa, Tonga, and Tuvalu, many of whom are also participating in the seventh round. </p> <h2 id="use-of-survey-data">Use of survey data</h2> <p>Survey data are widely used, predominantly in multi-country analyses, but also often for simple trend analyses in single countries. An example of use of MICS data is provided by Monasch et al. (2004).<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:18" href="#fn:18"><sup>18</sup></a> </p><p>Due to the near perfect comparability between MICS and <a href="/facts/Demographic_and_Health_Surveys/BdgXAflm">DHS</a>, much analysis draws on multiple data sets of both programmes. However, each survey programme have modules specific to their mandates and not often used in both programmes. For example, a recent compilation of evidence on child discipline makes use of surveys that included the Child Discipline Module; these were all MICS.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:19" href="#fn:19"><sup>19</sup></a> </p><p>Most global statistics, such as on the indicators of the <a href="/facts/Millennium_Development_Goals/Kyj35oL1">MDGs</a> rely heavily on data collected through MICS (and other household surveys), particularly for countries where administrative reporting systems are not entirely adequate. Other global statistics rely on only household survey data, such as the <a href="/facts/Multidimensional_Poverty_Index/BnQjhzCt">Multidimensional Poverty Index</a> developed by <a href="/facts/Oxford_Poverty_and_Human_Development_Initiative/mcSgLgf1">OPHI</a> and reported by <a href="/facts/United_Nations_Development_Programme/y3gpXUHD">UNDP</a>. </p><p>Examples of recent publications are listed under external links. </p> <h2 id="external-links">External links</h2> <h3>Recent examples of use of MICS data</h3> <ul><li>Takeuchi, LR (2015), <a href="http://www.odi.org/publications/9355-intra-household-inequalities-child-rights-wellbeing-barrier-progress">"Intra-household inequalities in child rights and wellbeing: a barrier to progress?"</a>. ODI Development Progress, Research Report 02, March 2015</li> <li>Arabi, M., Frongillo, E. A., Avula, R. and Mangasaryan, N. (2012), <a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2011.01675.x/abstract">"Infant and Young Child Feeding in Developing Countries"</a>. Child Development, 83: 32–45.</li> <li>Sipsma <i>et al.</i> (2012), <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120623153611/http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/90/2/11-090886-ab/en/index.html">"Female genital cutting: current practices and beliefs in western Africa"</a>. Bull World Health Organ 2012;90:120–127F</li> <li>Cappa, C. and Khan, SM (2011), <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0145213411002353">"Understanding caregivers’ attitudes towards physical punishment of children: Evidence from 34 low- and middle-income countries"</a>. Child Abuse & Neglect. Volume 35, Issue 12, December 2011, Pages 1009–1021</li></ul> <h3>Household survey programme websites</h3> <ul><li><a href="http://mics.unicef.org">UNICEF Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS)</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.dhsprogram.com">USAID Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS)</a></li> <li><a href="http://econ.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/EXTDEC/EXTRESEARCH/EXTLSMS/0,,contentMDK:21610833~pagePK:64168427~piPK:64168435~theSitePK:3358997,00.html">World Bank Living Standard Measurement Study (LSMS)</a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180311173544/http://econ.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/EXTDEC/EXTRESEARCH/EXTLSMS/0,,contentMDK:21610833~pagePK:64168427~piPK:64168435~theSitePK:3358997,00.html">Archived</a> 2018-03-11 at the <a href="/facts/Wayback_Machine/nmQ3a6JC">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130617093552/http://www.who.int/tobacco/surveillance/survey/gats/en/">WHO Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS)</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.ggp-i.org">Generations & Gender Programme (GGP)</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.ilo.org/ipec/ChildlabourstatisticsSIMPOC/lang--en/index.htm">ILO Statistical Information and Monitoring Programme on Child Labour (SIMPOC)</a></li> <li><a href="http://smartmethodology.org">Standardized Monitoring and Assessment of Relief and Transitions (SMART)</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.worldvaluessurvey.org/wvs.jsp">World Values Survey (WVS)</a></li></ul> <h3>Regional programmes</h3> <ul><li><a href="http://www.papfam.org/">Arab League Pan-Arab Project for Family Health (PAPFAM)</a></li> <li><a href="http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/income-and-living-conditions/overview">EU Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC)</a></li></ul> <h3>Networks</h3> <ul><li><a href="http://www.internationalsurveynetwork.org">International Household Survey Network (IHSN)</a></li> <li><a href="http://unstats.un.org/iswghs">The Inter-secretariat Group on Household Surveys (ISWGHS)</a></li></ul> <h3>Other related links</h3> <ul><li><a href="http://www.unicef.org">UNICEF website</a></li> <li><a href="http://data.unicef.org">UNICEF statistics</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.micscompiler.org">MICS Compiler</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.childmortality.org">Global Child Mortality Estimates</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080216075751/http://www.wssinfo.org/">WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.education-inequalities.org">The World Inequality Database on Education (WIDE)</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.ophi.org.uk">Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative</a></li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>The Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS) 1995-2015: Monitoring the Situation of Children and Women for 20 Years <a href="http://54.92.12.252/files?job=W1siZiIsIjIwMTUvMDkvMTQvMTcvNTUvMzcvNTI2LzIwMTUwOTEyX01JQ1MyMF9XRUIucGRmIl1d&sha=da0e0b8ac785c628" target="_blank">http://54.92.12.252/files?job=W1siZiIsIjIwMTUvMDkvMTQvMTcvNTUvMzcvNTI2LzIwMTUwOTEyX01JQ1MyMF9XRUIucGRmIl1d&sha=da0e0b8ac785c628</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>News: MICS partners with the DHS and LSMS survey programs in a collaborative group <a href="http://mics.unicef.org/news_entries/9" target="_blank">http://mics.unicef.org/news_entries/9</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>"Tools - UNICEF MICS". <a href="http://mics.unicef.org/tools" target="_blank">http://mics.unicef.org/tools</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>"Tools - UNICEF MICS". <a href="http://mics.unicef.org/tools" target="_blank">http://mics.unicef.org/tools</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>News: Conclusion of the MICS Field Test in Belize <a href="http://mics.unicef.org/news_entries/46/CONCLUSION-OF-THE-MICS-FIELD-TEST-IN-BELIZE-AND-THE-WAY-FORWARD:-MICS6" target="_blank">http://mics.unicef.org/news_entries/46/CONCLUSION-OF-THE-MICS-FIELD-TEST-IN-BELIZE-AND-THE-WAY-FORWARD:-MICS6</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>News: Using MICS to Understand Emergencies <a href="http://mics.unicef.org/news_entries/90/Using-MICS-to-Understand-Emergencies:-MICS6" target="_blank">http://mics.unicef.org/news_entries/90/Using-MICS-to-Understand-Emergencies:-MICS6</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>News: Children's time use - developing a new module in Belize <a href="https://mics.unicef.org/news_entries/127/CHILDREN%E2%80%99S-TIME-USE--DEVELOPING-A-NEW-MODULE-IN-BELIZE:-MICS6" target="_blank">https://mics.unicef.org/news_entries/127/CHILDREN%E2%80%99S-TIME-USE--DEVELOPING-A-NEW-MODULE-IN-BELIZE:-MICS6</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>MICS5 Survey Design Workshop standard PowerPoint presentation on "MICS – Past, Present and Future" <a href="http://mics.unicef.org/files?job=W1siZiIsIjIwMTUvMDEvMTkvMDcvMTAvNTcvMzIxL01JQ1NfV1MxXzEwMl9NSUNTX19fUGFzdF9fUHJlc2VudF9hbmRfRnV0dXJlLnBwdHgiXV0&sha=26e10bd88ba0610c" target="_blank">http://mics.unicef.org/files?job=W1siZiIsIjIwMTUvMDEvMTkvMDcvMTAvNTcvMzIxL01JQ1NfV1MxXzEwMl9NSUNTX19fUGFzdF9fUHJlc2VudF9hbmRfRnV0dXJlLnBwdHgiXV0&sha=26e10bd88ba0610c</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>"Publications - Methodological - UNICEF MICS". <a href="http://mics.unicef.org/publications/reports-and-methodological-papers" target="_blank">http://mics.unicef.org/publications/reports-and-methodological-papers</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>UNICEF Evaluation database: 1999 Global: Evaluation of UNICEF Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys <a href="https://www.unicef.org/evaldatabase/index_14381.html" target="_blank">https://www.unicef.org/evaldatabase/index_14381.html</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>UNICEF Evaluation database: 2009 Global: Evaluation of UNICEF Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys Round 3 (MICS3) <a href="https://www.unicef.org/evaldatabase/index_52700.html" target="_blank">https://www.unicef.org/evaldatabase/index_52700.html</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:12"><p>UNICEF Evaluation database: 2014 Global: UNICEF Evaluation of the Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS) -- Parts 1 and 2 <a href="https://www.unicef.org/evaldatabase/index_76350.html" target="_blank">https://www.unicef.org/evaldatabase/index_76350.html</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:13"><p>Beth Ann Plowman (August 2014). "UNICEF Evaluation of the Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS) - Round 4" (PDF). UNICEF. <a href="http://www.unicef.org/evaluation/files/UNICEF_Evaluation_of_the_Multiple_Indicator_Cluster_Surveys_Combined.pdf" target="_blank">http://www.unicef.org/evaluation/files/UNICEF_Evaluation_of_the_Multiple_Indicator_Cluster_Surveys_Combined.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:14"><p>Beth Ann Plowman (August 2014). "UNICEF Evaluation of the Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS) - Round 4" (PDF). UNICEF. <a href="http://www.unicef.org/evaluation/files/UNICEF_Evaluation_of_the_Multiple_Indicator_Cluster_Surveys_Combined.pdf" target="_blank">http://www.unicef.org/evaluation/files/UNICEF_Evaluation_of_the_Multiple_Indicator_Cluster_Surveys_Combined.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:15"><p>"Surveys - UNICEF MICS". <a href="http://mics.unicef.org/surveys" target="_blank">http://mics.unicef.org/surveys</a> <a href="#fnref:15" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:16"><p>http://www.cso.gov.bw/templates/cso/file/File/bfhs_report.pdf Archived 2015-09-23 at the Wayback Machine [bare URL PDF] <a href="http://www.cso.gov.bw/templates/cso/file/File/bfhs_report.pdf" target="_blank">http://www.cso.gov.bw/templates/cso/file/File/bfhs_report.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:16" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:17"><p>"Women- - বাংলাদেশ পরিসংখ্যান ব্যুরো-গণপ্রজাতন্ত্রী বাংলাদেশ সরকার". <a href="http://www.bbs.gov.bd/site/page/56067433-bdd2-4f62-b2df-7ac875659d64/Women-&-Children" target="_blank">http://www.bbs.gov.bd/site/page/56067433-bdd2-4f62-b2df-7ac875659d64/Women-&-Children</a> <a href="#fnref:17" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:18"><p>Roeland Monasch, Annette Reinisch, Richard W. Steketee, Eline L. Korenromp, David Alnwick, and Yves Bergevin (2004) "Child Coverage with Mosquito Nets and Malaria Treatment from Population-based Surveys in African Countries: A Baseline for Monitoring Progress in Roll Back Malaria" in: The Intolerable Burden of Malaria II: What's New, What's Needed online book, The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=malaria&part=A2416" target="_blank">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=malaria&part=A2416</a> <a href="#fnref:18" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:19"><p>UNICEF, Child Disciplinary Practices at Home: Evidence from a Range of Low- and Middle-Income Countries Archived 2015-04-02 at the Wayback Machine, New York, 2010. <a href="http://data.unicef.org/corecode/uploads/document6/uploaded_pdfs/corecode/ChildDiscipline_report_Eng_44.pdf" target="_blank">http://data.unicef.org/corecode/uploads/document6/uploaded_pdfs/corecode/ChildDiscipline_report_Eng_44.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:19" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>