Philosophy of logic
Main article: Philosophical logic
Informal logic Critical thinking Argumentation theory
Main articles: Table of logic symbols and Symbol (formal)
Logical connective
Main article: Well-formed formula
Proposition
Rule of inference (list)
Main article: Theory (mathematical logic)
Metalanguage
Main article: Propositional logic
Main article: Predicate logic
Mathematical relation
Mathematical logic
Metalogic – The study of the metatheory of logic.
Proof theory – The study of deductive apparatus.
Model theory – The study of interpretation of formal systems.
Computability theory – branch of mathematical logic that originated in the 1930s with the study of computable functions and Turing degrees. The field has grown to include the study of generalized computability and definability. The basic questions addressed by recursion theory are "What does it mean for a function from the natural numbers to themselves to be computable?" and "How can noncomputable functions be classified into a hierarchy based on their level of noncomputability?". The answers to these questions have led to a rich theory that is still being actively researched.
Formal semantics (natural language)
Classical logic
Modal logic
Non-classical logic
History of logic
Marco Aiello; Ian Pratt-Hartmann; Johan van Benthem, eds. (2007). Handbook of Spatial Logics. p. 1. doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-5587-4. any formal language interpreted over a class of structures featuring geometrical entities and relations, broadly construed /wiki/Marco_Aiello ↩
"octagon of prophecies - Google Search". www.google.com. Retrieved 2024-10-29. https://www.google.com/search?q=octagon+of+prophecies&udm=2 ↩