Shi, or Mashi, is a Bantu language of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
The people who speak Mashi are known as Bashi. They are the largest tribe in South Kivu, whose capital city is Bukavu.
The Bashi are a Bantu population (10 to 25 million) of Central Africa established mainly in the Bushi - or Bashi territory - in the far east of the Democratic Republic of Congo, in the territories of Walungu, Kabare, Mwenga, Kalehe,idjwi part of fizi and shabunda and Uvira. Their reference city is Bukavu. They are also widely present in North Kivu and Goma. It is the most used ethnic group in the Democratic Republic of Congo because they are everywhere, in every city and especially in Kinshasa. They are also with the Nande the most enterprising group
The Bashi occupy a vast region known as Bushi. Like Ngweshe, Kabare, Katana, Luhuinja, Burhinyi, Kaziba, Nyengezi, and Idjui where live the Bahavu who are also part of this group; Idjui is a large island in Kivu lake between DRC and Rwanda.
Phonology
Consonants
Labial | Dental/Alveolar | Post-alv./Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nasal | m | n | ɲ | |||
Plosive/Affricate | voiceless | p | t | t͡ʃ | k | |
voiced | b | d | d͡ʒ | ɡ | ||
Fricative | voiceless | f | s | ʃ | h | |
voiced | v | z | ||||
Rhotic | voiceless | r̥ | ||||
voiced | r | |||||
Lateral | l | |||||
Approximant | w | j |
- Sounds /t, d, n/ are commonly heard as dental [t̪, d̪, n̪].
- /d͡ʒ/ may also be heard as a fricative [ʒ].1
Vowels
Front | Central | Back | |
---|---|---|---|
Close | i iː | u uː | |
Close-mid | e eː | o oː | |
Open | a aː |
References
Bashi Murhi-Orhakube, Constantin (2012). Grammaire du mashi: phonologie, morphologie, mots grammaticaux et lexicaux. Paris: L'Harmattan. ↩