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Katu language
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<h2 id="phonology">Phonology</h2> <h3>Consonants</h3> <table><tbody><tr><th colspan="2"></th><th><a href="/facts/Labial_consonant/bv4MqTMf">Labial</a></th><th><a href="/facts/Alveolar_consonant/B6VkW2EX">Alveolar</a></th><th><a href="/facts/Palatal_consonant/KLcKyXE8">Palatal</a></th><th><a href="/facts/Velar_consonant/blWClp79">Velar</a></th><th><a href="/facts/Glottal_consonant/rMdEdLxH">Glottal</a></th></tr><tr><th rowspan="4"><a href="/facts/Plosive/okC9pztc">Plosive</a></th><th><a href="/facts/Voiceless/575TtTUn">voiceless</a></th><td><a href="/facts/Voiceless_bilabial_plosive/w4M9Igp6">p</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Voiceless_alveolar_plosive/1GaDe2Vy">t</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Voiceless_palatal_plosive/nBqIqUIS">c</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Voiceless_velar_plosive/dDppVb6e">k</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Glottal_stop/Xfqy2ArP">ʔ</a></td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Aspirated_consonant/Kat42tA6">aspirated</a></th><td><a href="/facts/Aspirated_consonant/Kat42tA6">pʰ</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Aspirated_consonant/Kat42tA6">tʰ</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Aspirated_consonant/Kat42tA6">cʰ</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Aspirated_consonant/Kat42tA6">kʰ</a></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Voice_(phonetics)/VdqrEGQ3">voiced</a></th><td><a href="/facts/Voiced_bilabial_plosive/6ReC9arR">b</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Voiced_alveolar_plosive/A6hNvmCp">d</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Voiced_palatal_plosive/otrWQbpW">ɟ</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Voiced_velar_plosive/f6udTvfQ">ɡ</a></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Implosive_consonant/Mx5sxUl9">implosive</a></th><td><a href="/facts/Voiced_bilabial_implosive/WIkxarTP">ɓ</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Voiced_alveolar_implosive/QV7zLYGN">ɗ</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Voiced_palatal_implosive/8t6JnQQy">ʄ</a></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Nasal_consonant/m6D3cVhe">Nasal</a></th><td><a href="/facts/Voiced_bilabial_nasal/1pd7NK2x">m</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Voiced_alveolar_nasal/0CEs8314">n</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Voiced_palatal_nasal/dLa9YG49">ɲ</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Voiced_velar_nasal/r6v5q92L">ŋ</a></td><td></td></tr><tr><th rowspan="2"><a href="/facts/Liquid_consonant/NLaIlh7R">Liquid</a></th><th><a href="/facts/Rhotic_consonant/tcAGzjfP">rhotic</a></th><td></td><td><a href="/facts/Voiced_alveolar_trill/rDplJobc">r</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Lateral_consonant/Mcyc1or8">lateral</a></th><td></td><td><a href="/facts/Voiced_alveolar_lateral_approximant/dgbHhqeK">l</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Fricative/1FQuuhfX">Fricative</a></th><td></td><td>(<a href="/facts/Voiceless_alveolar_fricative/WLKtEYDe">s</a>)</td><td></td><td></td><td><a href="/facts/Voiceless_glottal_fricative/lfRB7CPW">h</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Approximant/SXrlw7zY">Approximant</a></th><td><a href="/facts/Voiced_labial%25E2%2580%2593velar_approximant/HLDqbrvr">w</a></td><td></td><td><a href="/facts/Voiced_palatal_approximant/v0NVCbUh">j</a></td><td></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li>/ʄ/ can also be heard as a preglottal affricate sound [ʔdʒ] or glide [ʔj].</li> <li>/cʰ/ can range to an alveolar fricative [s].<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:2" href="#fn:2"><sup>2</sup></a></li></ul> <h3>Vowels</h3> <table><tbody><tr><th></th><th><a href="/facts/Front_vowel/htKQs3AT">Front</a></th><th><a href="/facts/Central_vowel/IFSaKUe9">Central</a></th><th><a href="/facts/Back_vowel/gyHoGCH0">Back</a></th></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Close_vowel/Ne6tHQHR">Close</a></th><td><a href="/facts/Close_front_unrounded_vowel/rSUdlCPU">i</a> <a href="/facts/Close_front_unrounded_vowel/rSUdlCPU">iː</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Close_central_unrounded_vowel/YdtMNGWw">ɨ</a> <a href="/facts/Close_central_unrounded_vowel/YdtMNGWw">ɨː</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Close_back_rounded_vowel/gqlQLfse">u</a> <a href="/facts/Close_back_rounded_vowel/gqlQLfse">uː</a></td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Close-mid_vowel/rK07wQEd">Close-mid</a></th><td><a href="/facts/Close-mid_front_unrounded_vowel/e9YNLF97">e</a> <a href="/facts/Close-mid_front_unrounded_vowel/e9YNLF97">eː</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Mid_central_vowel/CCx0wYy3">ə</a> <a href="/facts/Mid_central_vowel/CCx0wYy3">əː</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Close-mid_back_rounded_vowel/VwS9cKWJ">o</a> <a href="/facts/Close-mid_back_rounded_vowel/VwS9cKWJ">oː</a></td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Open-mid_vowel/qkco8QqT">Open-mid</a></th><td><a href="/facts/Open-mid_front_unrounded_vowel/aDRvwE46">ɛ</a> <a href="/facts/Open-mid_front_unrounded_vowel/aDRvwE46">ɛː</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Open-mid_back_unrounded_vowel/n58uKNA8">ʌ</a> <a href="/facts/Open-mid_back_unrounded_vowel/n58uKNA8">ʌː</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Open-mid_back_rounded_vowel/yMNUClGt">ɔ</a> <a href="/facts/Open-mid_back_rounded_vowel/yMNUClGt">ɔː</a></td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Open_vowel/roS0Y7lA">Open</a></th><td></td><td><a href="/facts/Open_front_unrounded_vowel/s80pvmYh">a</a> <a href="/facts/Open_front_unrounded_vowel/s80pvmYh">aː</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Open_back_rounded_vowel/k0owsbDF">ɒ</a> <a href="/facts/Open_back_rounded_vowel/k0owsbDF">ɒː</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li>Diphthongs occur as /ia, ɨa, ua/.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a></li></ul> <h2 id="further-reading">Further reading</h2> <ul><li>Nguyễn Hữu Hoành & <a href="/facts/Nguy%25E1%25BB%2585n_V%25C4%2583n_L%25E1%25BB%25A3i/s87Sptep">Nguyễn Văn Lợi</a>. 1998. <i>Tiếng Katu</i>. Hà Nội: Nhà Xuất Bản Khoa Học Xã Hội.</li> <li>Sidwell, Paul. (2005). <i><a href="https://www.academia.edu/1540083/The_Katuic_Languages_classification_reconstruction_and_comparative_lexicon">The Katuic languages: classification, reconstruction and comparative lexicon</a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201204214526/https://www.academia.edu/1540083/The_Katuic_Languages_classification_reconstruction_and_comparative_lexicon">Archived</a> 2020-12-04 at the <a href="/facts/Wayback_Machine/nmQ3a6JC">Wayback Machine</a></i>. LINCOM studies in Asian linguistics, 58. Muenchen: Lincom Europa. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 3895868027</li> <li><a href="/facts/Theraphan_Luangthongkum/Y1S8VVMX">Theraphan L-Thongkum</a>. 2001. Languages of the Tribes in Xekong Province Southern Laos. The Thailand Research Fund. Bangkok, Chulalongkorn University.</li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Tổng điều tra dân số và nhà ở Việt Nam năm 2009: Kết quả toàn bộ. Archived 2012-11-14 at the Wayback Machine Hà Nội, 6-2010. Tabl. 5, p. 134-225. Accessed 10/2/2011 <a href="http://www.gso.gov.vn/default.aspx?tabid=512&idmid=5&ItemID=10798" target="_blank">http://www.gso.gov.vn/default.aspx?tabid=512&idmid=5&ItemID=10798</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Wallace, Judith M. (1969). "Katu phonemes". Mon-Khmer Studies. 3: 64–73. <a href="/wiki/Mon-Khmer_Studies" target="_blank">/wiki/Mon-Khmer_Studies</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Sidwell (2005), pp. 15-16 <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>