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AMD Eyefinity
Brand of AMD video card products

AMD Eyefinity is a brand name for AMD video card products that support multi-monitor setups by integrating multiple (up to six) display controllers on one GPU. AMD Eyefinity was introduced with the Radeon HD 5000 series "Evergreen" in September 2009 and has been available on APUs and professional-grade graphics cards branded AMD FirePro as well.

AMD Eyefinity supports a maximum of 2 non-DisplayPort displays (e.g., HDMI, DVI, VGA, DMS-59, VHDCI) (which AMD calls "legacy output") and up to 6 DisplayPort displays simultaneously using a single graphics card or APU. To feed more than two displays, the additional panels must have native DisplayPort support. Alternatively active DisplayPort-to-DVI/HDMI/VGA adapters can be employed.

The setup of large video walls by connecting multiple computers over Gigabit Ethernet or Ethernet is also supported.

The version of AMD Eyefinity (aka DCE, display controller engine) introduced with Excavator-based Carrizo APUs features a Video underlay pipe.

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Overview

AMD Eyefinity is implemented by multiple on-die display controllers. The HD 5000-series designs host two internal clocks and one external clock. Displays connected over VGA, DVI, or HDMI each require their own internal clock. But all displays connected over DisplayPort can be driven from only one external clock. This external clock is what allows Eyefinity to fuel up to six monitors from a single card.

The entire HD 5000 series of products have Eyefinity capabilities supporting three outputs. The Radeon HD 5870 Eyefinity Edition, however, supports six mini DisplayPort outputs, all of which can be simultaneously active.7

The display controller has two RAMDACs that drive the VGA or DVI ports in analog mode. For example, when a DVI-to-VGA converter is attached to a DVI port). It also has a maximum of six digital transmitters that can output either a DisplayPort signal or a TMDS signal for either DVI or HDMI, and two clock signal generators to drive the digital outputs in TMDS mode. Dual-link DVI displays use two of the TMDS/DisplayPort transmitters and one clock signal each. Single-link DVI displays and HDMI displays use one TMDS/DisplayPort transmitter and one clock signal each. DisplayPort displays use one TMDS/DisplayPort transmitter and no clock signal.

An active DisplayPort adapter can convert a DisplayPort signal to another type of signal—like VGA, single-link DVI, or dual-link DVI; or HDMI if more than two non-DisplayPort displays must be connected to a Radeon HD 5000 series graphics card.8

DisplayPort 1.2 added the possibility to drive multiple displays on single DisplayPort connector, called Multi-Stream Transport (MST). AMD graphics solutions equipped with DisplayPort 1.2 outputs can run multiple monitors from a single port.

At High-Performance Graphics 2010 Mark Fowler presented the Evergreen and stated that e.g. 5870 (Cypress), 5770 (Juniper) and 5670 (Redwood) support max resolution of the 6 times 2560×1600 pixels, while the 5470 (Cedar) supports 4 times 2560×1600 pixels.9

Availability

Feature overview for AMD graphics cards

Main article: List of Radeon graphics cards

All AMD GPUs starting with the Evergreen series support a maximum of 2 non-DisplayPort displays and a maximum of 6 DisplayPort displays per graphics card.10

The following table shows features of AMD/ATI's GPUs (see also: List of AMD graphics processing units).

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Name of GPU seriesWonderMach3D RageRage ProRage 128R100R200R300R400R500R600RV670R700EvergreenNorthernIslandsSouthernIslandsSeaIslandsVolcanicIslandsArcticIslands/PolarisVegaNavi 1xNavi 2xNavi 3xNavi 4x
Released19861991Apr1996Mar1997Aug1998Apr2000Aug2001Sep2002May2004Oct2005May2007Nov2007Jun2008Sep2009Oct2010Dec2010Jan2012Sep2013Jun2015Jun 2016, Apr 2017, Aug 2019Jun 2017, Feb 2019Jul2019Nov2020Dec2022Feb2025
Marketing NameWonderMach3DRageRageProRage128Radeon7000Radeon8000Radeon9000RadeonX700/X800RadeonX1000RadeonHD 2000RadeonHD 3000RadeonHD 4000RadeonHD 5000RadeonHD 6000RadeonHD 7000Radeon200Radeon300Radeon400/500/600RadeonRX Vega, Radeon VIIRadeonRX 5000RadeonRX 6000RadeonRX 7000RadeonRX 9000
AMD support
Kind2D3D
Instruction set architectureNot publicly knownTeraScale instruction setGCN instruction setRDNA instruction set
MicroarchitectureNot publicly knownGFX1GFX2TeraScale 1(VLIW5)(GFX3)TeraScale 2(VLIW5)(GFX4)TeraScale 2(VLIW5) up to 68xx(GFX4)TeraScale 3(VLIW4) in 69xx 1112(GFX5)GCN 1stgen(GFX6)GCN 2ndgen(GFX7)GCN 3rdgen(GFX8)GCN 4thgen(GFX8)GCN 5thgen(GFX9)RDNA(GFX10.1)RDNA 2(GFX10.3)RDNA 3(GFX11)RDNA 4(GFX12)
TypeFixed pipeline13Programmable pixel & vertex pipelinesUnified shader model
Direct3D—5.06.07.08.19.011 (9_2)9.0b11 (9_2)9.0c11 (9_3)10.011 (10_0)10.111 (10_1)11 (11_0)11 (11_1)12 (11_1)11 (12_0)12 (12_0)11 (12_1)12 (12_1)11 (12_1)12 (12_2)
Shader model—1.42.0+2.0b3.04.04.15.05.15.16.56.76.8
OpenGL—1.11.21.32.114153.34.5161718194.6
Vulkan—1.120211.3221.423
OpenCL—Close to Metal1.1 (not supported by Mesa)1.2+ (on Linux: 1.1+ (no Image support on clover, with by rustiCL) with Mesa, 1.2+ on GCN 1.Gen)2.0+ (Adrenalin driver on Win7+)(on Linux ROCM, Mesa 1.2+ (no Image support in clover, but in rustiCL with Mesa, 2.0+ and 3.0 with AMD drivers or AMD ROCm), 5th gen: 2.2 win 10+ and Linux RocM 5.0+2.2+ and 3.0 windows 8.1+ and Linux ROCM 5.0+ (Mesa rustiCL 1.2+ and 3.0 (2.1+ and 2.2+ wip))242526
HSA / ROCm—?
Video decoding ASIC—Avivo/UVDUVD+UVD 2UVD 2.2UVD 3UVD 4UVD 4.2UVD 5.0 or 6.0UVD 6.3UVD 7 2728VCN 2.0 2930VCN 3.0 31VCN 4.0VCN 5.0
Video encoding ASIC—VCE 1.0VCE 2.0VCE 3.0 or 3.1VCE 3.4VCE 4.0 3233
Fluid Motion 34?
Power saving?PowerPlayPowerTunePowerTune & ZeroCore Power?
TrueAudio—Via dedicated DSPVia shaders
FreeSync—12
HDCP35—?1.42.22.3 36
PlayReady37—3.03.0
Supported displays381–222–6?4
Max. resolution?2–6 ×2560×16002–6 ×4096×2160 @ 30 Hz2–6 ×5120×2880 @ 60 Hz3 ×7680×4320 @ 60 Hz 397680×4320 @ 60 Hz PowerColor7680x4320

@165 Hz

7680x4320
/drm/radeon40—
/drm/amdgpu41—Optional 42

Feature overview for AMD APUs

Main article: List of AMD APUs

AMD Eyefinity is also available in AMD's APU branded product line. The A10-7850K is said to support up to four displays.

The following table shows features of AMD's processors with 3D graphics, including APUs (see also: List of AMD processors with 3D graphics).

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PlatformHigh, standard and low powerLow and ultra-low power
CodenameServerBasicToronto
MicroKyoto
DesktopPerformanceRaphaelPhoenix
MainstreamLlanoTrinityRichlandKaveriKaveri Refresh (Godavari)CarrizoBristol RidgeRaven RidgePicassoRenoirCezanne
Entry
BasicKabiniDalí
MobilePerformanceRenoirCezanneRembrandtDragon Range
MainstreamLlanoTrinityRichlandKaveriCarrizoBristol RidgeRaven RidgePicassoRenoirLucienneCezanneBarcelóPhoenix
EntryDalíMendocino
BasicDesna, Ontario, ZacateKabini, TemashBeema, MullinsCarrizo-LStoney RidgePollock
EmbeddedTrinityBald EagleMerlin Falcon,Brown FalconGreat Horned OwlGrey HawkOntario, ZacateKabiniSteppe Eagle, Crowned Eagle, LX-FamilyPrairie FalconBanded KestrelRiver Hawk
ReleasedAug 2011Oct 2012Jun 2013Jan 20142015Jun 2015Jun 2016Oct 2017Jan 2019Mar 2020Jan 2021Jan 2022Sep 2022Jan 2023Jan 2011May 2013Apr 2014May 2015Feb 2016Apr 2019Jul 2020Jun 2022Nov 2022
CPU microarchitectureK10PiledriverSteamrollerExcavator"Excavator+"43ZenZen+Zen 2Zen 3Zen 3+Zen 4BobcatJaguarPumaPuma+44"Excavator+"ZenZen+"Zen 2+"
ISAx86-64 v1x86-64 v2x86-64 v3x86-64 v4x86-64 v1x86-64 v2x86-64 v3
SocketDesktopPerformance—AM5——
Mainstream—AM4——
EntryFM1FM2FM2+FM2+45, AM4AM4—
Basic——AM1—FP5—
OtherFS1FS1+, FP2FP3FP4FP5FP6FP7FL1FP7 FP7r2 FP8FT1FT3FT3bFP4FP5FT5FP5FT6
PCI Express version2.03.04.05.04.02.03.0
CXL——
Fab. (nm)GF 32SHP(HKMG SOI)GF 28SHP(HKMG bulk)GF 14LPP(FinFET bulk)GF 12LP(FinFET bulk)TSMC N7(FinFET bulk)TSMC N6 (FinFET bulk)CCD: TSMC N5 (FinFET bulk)cIOD: TSMC N6(FinFET bulk)TSMC 4nm (FinFET bulk)TSMC N40(bulk)TSMC N28(HKMG bulk)GF 28SHP(HKMG bulk)GF 14LPP(FinFET bulk)GF 12LP(FinFET bulk)TSMC N6 (FinFET bulk)
Die area (mm2)22824624524525021046156180210CCD: (2x) 70cIOD: 12217875 (+ 28 FCH)107?125149~100
Min TDP (W)351712101565354.543.95106128
Max APU TDP (W)10095654517054182565415
Max stock APU base clock (GHz)33.84.14.13.73.83.63.73.84.03.34.74.31.752.222.23.22.61.23.352.8
Max APUs per node4711
Max core dies per CPU1211
Max CCX per core die1211
Max cores per CCX482424
Max CPU48 cores per APU481682424
Max threads per CPU core1212
Integer pipeline structure3+32+24+24+2+11+3+3+1+21+1+1+12+24+24+2+1
i386, i486, i586, CMOV, NOPL, i686, PAE, NX bit, CMPXCHG16B, AMD-V, RVI, ABM, and 64-bit LAHF/SAHF
IOMMU49—v2v1v2
BMI1, AES-NI, CLMUL, and F16C—
MOVBE—
AVIC, BMI2, RDRAND, and MWAITX/MONITORX—
SME50, TSME51, ADX, SHA, RDSEED, SMAP, SMEP, XSAVEC, XSAVES, XRSTORS, CLFLUSHOPT, CLZERO, and PTE Coalescing——
GMET, WBNOINVD, CLWB, QOS, PQE-BW, RDPID, RDPRU, and MCOMMIT——
MPK, VAES——
SGX——
FPUs per core10.5110.51
Pipes per FPU22
FPU pipe width128-bit256-bit80-bit128-bit256-bit
CPU instruction set SIMD levelSSE4a52AVXAVX2AVX-512SSSE3AVXAVX2
3DNow!3DNow!+——
PREFETCH/PREFETCHW
GFNI——
AMX—
FMA4, LWP, TBM, and XOP————
FMA3
AMD XDNA——
L1 data cache per core (KiB)64163232
L1 data cache associativity (ways)2488
L1 instruction caches per core10.5110.51
Max APU total L1 instruction cache (KiB)2561281922565122566412896128
L1 instruction cache associativity (ways)23482348
L2 caches per core10.5110.51
Max APU total L2 cache (MiB)424161212
L2 cache associativity (ways)168168
Max on-die L3 cache per CCX (MiB)—41632—4
Max 3D V-Cache per CCD (MiB)—64——
Max total in-CCD L3 cache per APU (MiB)4816644
Max. total 3D V-Cache per APU (MiB)—64——
Max. board L3 cache per APU (MiB)——
Max total L3 cache per APU (MiB)48161284
APU L3 cache associativity (ways)1616
L3 cache schemeVictimVictim
Max. L4 cache——
Max stock DRAM supportDDR3-1866DDR3-2133DDR3-2133, DDR4-2400DDR4-2400DDR4-2933DDR4-3200, LPDDR4-4266DDR5-4800, LPDDR5-6400DDR5-5200DDR5-5600, LPDDR5x-7500DDR3L-1333DDR3L-1600DDR3L-1866DDR3-1866, DDR4-2400DDR4-2400DDR4-1600DDR4-3200LPDDR5-5500
Max DRAM channels per APU21212
Max stock DRAM bandwidth (GB/s) per APU29.86634.13238.40046.93268.256102.40083.200120.00010.66612.80014.93319.20038.40012.80051.20088.000
GPU microarchitectureTeraScale 2 (VLIW5)TeraScale 3 (VLIW4)GCN 2nd genGCN 3rd genGCN 5th gen53RDNA 2RDNA 3TeraScale 2 (VLIW5)GCN 2nd genGCN 3rd gen54GCN 5th genRDNA 2
GPU instruction setTeraScale instruction setGCN instruction setRDNA instruction setTeraScale instruction setGCN instruction setRDNA instruction set
Max stock GPU base clock (MHz)60080084486611081250140021002400400538600?847900120060013001900
Max stock GPU base GFLOPS55480614.4648.1886.71134.517601971.22150.43686.4102.486???345.6460.8230.41331.2486.4
3D engine56Up to 400:20:8Up to 384:24:6Up to 512:32:8Up to 704:44:1657Up to 512:32:8768:48:8128:8:480:8:4128:8:4Up to 192:12:8Up to 192:12:4192:12:4Up to 512:?:?128:?:?
IOMMUv1IOMMUv2IOMMUv1?IOMMUv2
Video decoderUVD 3.0UVD 4.2UVD 6.0VCN 1.058VCN 2.159VCN 2.260VCN 3.1?UVD 3.0UVD 4.0UVD 4.2UVD 6.2VCN 1.0VCN 3.1
Video encoder—VCE 1.0VCE 2.0VCE 3.1—VCE 2.0VCE 3.4
AMD Fluid Motion
GPU power savingPowerPlayPowerTunePowerPlayPowerTune61
TrueAudio—62?—
FreeSync1212
HDCP63?1.42.22.3?1.42.22.3
PlayReady64—3.0 not yet—3.0 not yet
Supported displays652–32–433 (desktop)4 (mobile, embedded)42344
/drm/radeon666768——
/drm/amdgpu6970—71—72

Software support

AMD Catalyst supports Eyefinity and enables the user to independently configure and run each attached displays. It facilitates the configuration of "cloned mode", i.e. to copy one desktop onto multiple screens or "extended mode", i.e. to span the workspace across multiple screens and combine the resolutions of all of those displays into one big resolution. AMD calls the extended modes Single Large Surface (SLS) and Catalyst support of certain range of display group configurations. For example, 5x1 landscape and 5x1 portrait are supported since AMD Catalyst version 11.10 from October 2011.7374

Starting in Catalyst 14.6, AMD supports mixed resolution support, so a single Eyefinity display group can drive each monitor at a different resolution. This is provided through two new Eyefinity display modes, Fit and Expand, in addition to the existing Fill mode. In Fit or Expand mode, AMD compensates for mismatched resolutions by creating a virtual desktop of a different resolution than the monitors, and then either padding it out or cropping it as is necessary.75

AMD Eyefinity works with games that support non-standard aspect ratios, which is required for panning across multiple displays. SLS ("Single Large Surface") mode requires an identical display resolution on all configured displays. AMD validated some video games to support Eyefinity. The short list includes titles such as Age of Conan, ARMA 2: Operation Arrowhead, S.T.A.L.K.E.R.: Call of Pripyat, Serious Sam 3: BFE, Singularity (video game), Sleeping Dogs, Assassin's Creed II, Sniper Elite V2, Soldier of Fortune Online, Tom Clancy's Splinter Cell: Conviction, Star Wars: The Force Unleashed 2, Marvel Super Hero Squad Online, R.U.S.E., Supreme Commander 2 among others.76 However, some games not on this short list seem to work as well, e.g. Dirt 3 and The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim.

KMS driver supports AMD Eyefinity.77

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to AMD Eyefinity.

References

  1. "AMD's Radeon HD 5870 Eyefinity 6 Edition Reviewed". AnandTech. 2010-03-31. Retrieved 2014-07-02. http://www.anandtech.com/show/3621/amds-radeon-hd-5870-eyefinity-6-edition-reviewed ↩

  2. "AMD Eyefinity: FAQ". AMD. 2011-05-17. Retrieved 2014-07-02. http://support.amd.com/en-us/kb-articles/Pages/AMDEyefinityFAQs.aspx ↩

  3. "How do I connect three or More Monitors to an AMD Radeon HD 5000, HD 6000, and HD 7000 Series Graphics Card?". AMD. Retrieved 2014-12-08. http://support.amd.com/en-us/search/faq/154 ↩

  4. "Radeon feature matrix". freedesktop.org. Retrieved 10 January 2016. http://xorg.freedesktop.org/wiki/RadeonFeature/ ↩

  5. "Configuring and Running a Large Video Wall using ATI FirePro Graphics" (PDF). Retrieved 2014-07-04. https://www.amd.com/Documents/Configuring_and_Running_Large_Video_Wall_using_ATI_FirePros_v1-2.pdf ↩

  6. "Carrizo introduces a new video playback pathways". http://www.anandtech.com/show/9319/amd-launches-carrizo-the-laptop-leap-of-efficiency-and-architecture-updates/6 ↩

  7. "AMD Eyefinity on AMD Radeon HD 5870". Tom's Hardware. 2009-09-23. Retrieved 2014-07-02. http://www.tomshardware.com/reviews/radeon-hd-5870,2422-8.html ↩

  8. "AMD Eyefinity on AMD Radeon HD 5870". Tom's Hardware. 2009-09-23. Retrieved 2014-07-02. http://www.tomshardware.com/reviews/radeon-hd-5870,2422-8.html ↩

  9. "Presenting Radeon HD 5000" (PDF). http://highperformancegraphics.org/previous/www_2010/media/Hot3D/HPG2010_Hot3D_AMD.pdf ↩

  10. "Radeon feature matrix". freedesktop.org. Retrieved 10 January 2016. http://xorg.freedesktop.org/wiki/RadeonFeature/ ↩

  11. "AMD Radeon HD 6900 (AMD Cayman) series graphics cards". HWlab. hw-lab.com. December 19, 2010. Archived from the original on August 23, 2022. Retrieved August 23, 2022. New VLIW4 architecture of stream processors allowed to save area of each SIMD by 10%, while performing the same compared to previous VLIW5 architecture http://web.archive.org/web/20220823180458/https://hw-lab.com/amd-radeon-hd-6900-series-amd-cayman.html/4 ↩

  12. "GPU Specs Database". TechPowerUp. Retrieved August 23, 2022. https://www.techpowerup.com/gpu-specs/?generation=Northern%20Islands&architecture=TeraScale%203&sort=generation ↩

  13. The Radeon 100 Series has programmable pixel shaders, but do not fully comply with DirectX 8 or Pixel Shader 1.0. See article on R100's pixel shaders. /wiki/Radeon_R100_series#R100's_pixel_shaders ↩

  14. R300, R400 and R500 based cards do not fully comply with OpenGL 2+ as the hardware does not support all types of non-power of two (NPOT) textures. ↩

  15. "NPOT Texture (OpenGL Wiki)". Khronos Group. Retrieved February 10, 2021. https://www.khronos.org/opengl/wiki/NPOT_Texture ↩

  16. "AMD Radeon Software Crimson Edition Beta". AMD. Retrieved 2018-04-20. https://support.amd.com/en-us/kb-articles/pages/amd-radeon-software-crimson-edition-beta.aspx ↩

  17. "Mesamatrix". mesamatrix.net. Retrieved 2018-04-22. https://mesamatrix.net/ ↩

  18. "RadeonFeature". X.Org Foundation. Retrieved 2018-04-20. https://www.x.org/wiki/RadeonFeature/ ↩

  19. OpenGL 4+ compliance requires supporting FP64 shaders and these are emulated on some TeraScale chips using 32-bit hardware. ↩

  20. OpenGL 4+ compliance requires supporting FP64 shaders and these are emulated on some TeraScale chips using 32-bit hardware. ↩

  21. Vulkan support is theoretically possible but has not been implemented in a stable driver. ↩

  22. "Conformant Products". Khronos Group. Retrieved 2024-12-02. https://www.khronos.org/conformance/adopters/conformant-products#submission_820 ↩

  23. "radv: add Vulkan 1.4 support". Mesa. Retrieved 2024-12-02. https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/mesa/mesa/-/merge_requests/32432 ↩

  24. "AMD Radeon RX 6800 XT Specs". TechPowerUp. Retrieved January 1, 2021. https://www.techpowerup.com/gpu-specs/radeon-rx-6800-xt.c3694 ↩

  25. "AMD Launches The Radeon PRO W7500/W7600 RDNA3 GPUs". Phoronix. 3 August 2023. Retrieved 4 September 2023. https://www.phoronix.com/news/AMD-Radeon-PRO-W7500-W7600 ↩

  26. "AMD Radeon Pro 5600M Grafikkarte". TopCPU.net (in German). Retrieved 4 September 2023. https://www.topcpu.net/de/cpu/Radeon-Pro-5600M ↩

  27. Killian, Zak (March 22, 2017). "AMD publishes patches for Vega support on Linux". Tech Report. Retrieved March 23, 2017. https://techreport.com/news/31627/amd-publishes-patches-for-vega-support-on-linux ↩

  28. The UVD and VCE were replaced by the Video Core Next (VCN) ASIC in the Raven Ridge APU implementation of Vega. /wiki/Ryzen#Raven_Ridge ↩

  29. Killian, Zak (March 22, 2017). "AMD publishes patches for Vega support on Linux". Tech Report. Retrieved March 23, 2017. https://techreport.com/news/31627/amd-publishes-patches-for-vega-support-on-linux ↩

  30. The UVD and VCE were replaced by the Video Core Next (VCN) ASIC in the Raven Ridge APU implementation of Vega. /wiki/Ryzen#Raven_Ridge ↩

  31. Larabel, Michael (September 15, 2020). "AMD Radeon Navi 2 / VCN 3.0 Supports AV1 Video Decoding". Phoronix. Retrieved January 1, 2021. https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=AV1-Decode-For-AMD-VCN-3.0 ↩

  32. Killian, Zak (March 22, 2017). "AMD publishes patches for Vega support on Linux". Tech Report. Retrieved March 23, 2017. https://techreport.com/news/31627/amd-publishes-patches-for-vega-support-on-linux ↩

  33. The UVD and VCE were replaced by the Video Core Next (VCN) ASIC in the Raven Ridge APU implementation of Vega. /wiki/Ryzen#Raven_Ridge ↩

  34. Video processing for video frame rate interpolation technique. In Windows it works as a DirectShow filter in your player. In Linux, there is no support on the part of drivers and / or community. ↩

  35. To play protected video content, it also requires card, operating system, driver, and application support. A compatible HDCP display is also needed for this. HDCP is mandatory for the output of certain audio formats, placing additional constraints on the multimedia setup. ↩

  36. Edmonds, Rich (February 4, 2022). "ASUS Dual RX 6600 GPU review: Rock-solid 1080p gaming with impressive thermals". Windows Central. Retrieved November 1, 2022. https://www.windowscentral.com/asus-dual-rx-6600-gpu-review ↩

  37. To play protected video content, it also requires card, operating system, driver, and application support. A compatible HDCP display is also needed for this. HDCP is mandatory for the output of certain audio formats, placing additional constraints on the multimedia setup. ↩

  38. More displays may be supported with native DisplayPort connections, or splitting the maximum resolution between multiple monitors with active converters. /wiki/DisplayPort ↩

  39. "Radeon's next-generation Vega architecture" (PDF). Radeon Technologies Group (AMD). Archived from the original (PDF) on September 6, 2018. Retrieved June 13, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20180906124605/http://radeon.com/_downloads/vega-whitepaper-11.6.17.pdf ↩

  40. DRM (Direct Rendering Manager) is a component of the Linux kernel. AMDgpu is the Linux kernel module. Support in this table refers to the most current version. /wiki/Direct_Rendering_Manager ↩

  41. DRM (Direct Rendering Manager) is a component of the Linux kernel. AMDgpu is the Linux kernel module. Support in this table refers to the most current version. /wiki/Direct_Rendering_Manager ↩

  42. "AMDGPU". Retrieved December 29, 2023. https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/AMDGPU ↩

  43. "AMD Announces the 7th Generation APU: Excavator mk2 in Bristol Ridge and Stoney Ridge for Notebooks". 31 May 2016. Retrieved 3 January 2020. https://www.anandtech.com/show/10362/amd-7th-generation-apu-bristol-ridge-stoney-ridge-for-notebooks ↩

  44. "AMD Mobile "Carrizo" Family of APUs Designed to Deliver Significant Leap in Performance, Energy Efficiency in 2015" (Press release). 20 November 2014. Retrieved 16 February 2015. https://www.amd.com/en-us/press-releases/Pages/amd-mobile-carrizo-2014nov20.aspx ↩

  45. For FM2+ Excavator models: A8-7680, A6-7480 & Athlon X4 845. ↩

  46. "The Mobile CPU Comparison Guide Rev. 13.0 Page 5 : AMD Mobile CPU Full List". TechARP.com. Retrieved 13 December 2017. https://www.techarp.com/guides/mobile-cpu-comparison-guide/5/ ↩

  47. A PC would be one node. ↩

  48. An APU combines a CPU and a GPU. Both have cores. ↩

  49. Requires firmware support. ↩

  50. Requires firmware support. ↩

  51. Requires firmware support. ↩

  52. No SSE4. No SSSE3. ↩

  53. "AMD VEGA10 and VEGA11 GPUs spotted in OpenCL driver". VideoCardz.com. Retrieved 6 June 2017. http://videocardz.com/62250/amd-vega10-and-vega11-gpus-spotted-in-opencl-driver/ ↩

  54. "AMD VEGA10 and VEGA11 GPUs spotted in OpenCL driver". VideoCardz.com. Retrieved 6 June 2017. http://videocardz.com/62250/amd-vega10-and-vega11-gpus-spotted-in-opencl-driver/ ↩

  55. Single-precision performance is calculated from the base (or boost) core clock speed based on a FMA operation. /wiki/Single-precision_floating-point_format ↩

  56. Unified shaders : texture mapping units : render output units /wiki/Unified_shader_model ↩

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